维大力对小麦出苗及生长的影响
蒋娟 , 王文中 , 胡铁柱 , 张越美 , 刘文学 , 巩志忠 , 齐俊生
中国农业大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4) : 28 -37.
维大力对小麦出苗及生长的影响
Effects of VDAL on the emergence and growth of wheat
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为探究维大力(VDAL)对冬小麦出苗、苗期生长及产量的影响,以冬小麦‘百农4199’为试验材料,室内盆栽试验中,设置添加0.2%(质量百分比,V1)、0.4%(V2)及0.8%(V3)维大力的福·戊种衣剂包衣和不添加维大力的种衣剂包衣(CK1)及不包衣(CK)的种子处理,测定小麦出苗率、苗期株高、根长及根冠比;大田试验中,设置添加0.8% 维大力的种衣剂包衣(Vc)、抽穗期用浓度为66.7 mg/L的维大力叶面喷施(Vf)及2种方式相结合(Vc+Vf)的处理,以不添加维大力的种衣剂包衣(CK1)和常规丰产不包衣(CK)作为对照,测定小麦出苗率、苗期分蘖数、根系活力、收获期产量及产量构成因素等指标。结果表明:室内盆栽试验中,在播种后第35天时,V3的小麦株高比CK及CK1分别高出7.78%和18.56%(P<0.05)。田间试验中,Vc+Vf相较于CK1,公顷穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别增加12.20%、7.20%和1.57%,理论产量提升17.10%;与CK相比,分别增长7.86%、11.10%和1.86%,理论产量增长17.27%。综合分析表明,维大力种衣剂包衣处理及叶面喷施对小麦苗期株高、产量及产量构成均有促进作用,且两者结合使用效果更佳。因此,在河南省中部地区冬小麦生产中,使用含0.8%维大力的种衣剂包衣(Vc),并结合抽穗期使用66.7 mg/L的维大力叶面喷施(Vf)可促进小麦苗期生长并最终实现高产。
To investigate the effects of VDAL on the germination, seedling growth, and wheat yield in the field, winter wheat 'Bainong 4199' was selected as the experimental material. In the laboratory pot experiment, seeds were treated with 0.2% (mass percentage, V1), 0.4% (V2), and 0.8% (V3) VDAL-contained seed coating, as well as seed coatings without VDAL (CK1) and seeds without coating (CK), respectivley. The wheat germination rate, seedling height, root length, and root-to-shoot ratio of wheat were determined. In the field experiment, wheat treated with a seed coating agent containing 0.8% VDAL (Vc), foliar application of VDAL powder at a concentration of 66.7 mg/L during the booting stage (Vf), and a combination of both (Vc+Vf) were compared to seed coated without VDAL (CK1) and uncoated treatments (CK). The germination rate, seedling tiller number, root vitality, harvest yield, and yield components of wheat under different treatments were measured. The results showed that: In the laboratory pot experiment, on the 35th day of seedling growth after sowing, wheat plant height of V3 was 7.78% and 18.56% higher than CK and CK1 (P<0.05), respectively. In the field trial, Vc+Vf increased the number of spikes per hectare, grains per spike, and 1 000-grain weight by 12.20%, 7.20%, and 1.57% compared to CK1, respectively, leading to a 17.10% increase in theoretical yield. Compared to CK, the increases were 7.86%, 11.10%, and 1.86%, respectively, with a theoretical yield increase of 17.27%. In summary, the seed coating treatment and foliar spraying of VDAL have a promoting effect on wheat growth, yield, and yield components, and the combination of both has better effects. Therefore, in the central Henan region, using a 0.8% VDAL-contained seed coating (Vc) combined with VDAL powder at a concentration of 66.7 mg/L during the booting stage (Vf) can promote the growth of wheat seedlings and achieve high yields.
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