To investigate the role of high-standard farmland construction in ensuring stable grain supply, grain production resilience is adopted to determine the grain supply stability capacity. Based on a set of provincial panel data from 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China (Data do not include those of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions. The same below), this study employs the DID method to examine the impact of high-standard farmland construction on the resilience of grain production and its underlying mechanisms. The research findings indicate that: 1) High-standard farmland construction has a significant positive impact on food production resilience. This result is robust after substituting the core explanatory variables and adjusting the policy evaluation time points. 2) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of high-standard farmland construction on food production resilience is the greatest in non-grain-producing areas and eastern regions. 3) In terms of mechanism, the high-standard farmland construction promotes agricultural technological progress, increases farmland irrigation coverage, and enhances agricultural mechanization, thereby effectively improving food production resilience. Based on the above conclusions, it is recommended to continue advancing high-standard farmland construction and develop differentiated strategies tailored to local conditions, taking the economic development levels into account and the agricultural functional positioning of each region.
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