To address the time-consuming and labor-intensive issues associated with traditional sheep body measurement methods, this study employed an integrated approach combining iteratively reweighted least squares(IRLS), k-means algorithm, Gaussian mapping and Gaussian kernel mean shift clustering algorithm for analyzing sheep body dimension measurement based on 3D point cloud. The results showed that: 1) The normal estimation method of the iterative reweighted least squares method demonstrated strong noise immunity and yielded more accurate results. 2) The mean shift clustering algorithm based on the Gaussian kernel can accurately identify and separate the sheep body area data from the point clouds, effectively avoiding the over-segmentation or under-segmentation of other methods precalent in alternative methods. 3) Body measurement points were selected from the sheep point cloud to calculate four morphometric parameters such as body length, body height, chest depth, and rump height. The maximum relative error of the four body size parameters was 1.72%. In summary, the proposed 3D point cloud-based approach enables accurate extraction of sheep body point clouds and non-contact morphometric measurement through strategically selected anatomical landmarks. This methodolody provides a reliable technical references for both body dimension quantification and live weight estimation management.
WangY W, MücherS, WangW S, GuoL F, KooistraL. A review of three-dimensional computer vision used in precision livestock farming for cattle growth management[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2023,206:107687
[2]
TurnerK E, ThompsonA, HarrisI, FergusonM, SohelF. Deep learning based classification of sheep behaviour from accelerometer data with imbalance[J]. Information Processing in Agriculture,2023,10(3): 377-390
ZhangJ J, LiY W. Design and research of measurement system of horse body based on machine vision[J].Computer Measurement & Control, 2017, 25(12):17-20 (in Chinese)
ZhangL N, WuP, WuyunT N, XuanC Z, MaY H, ChenP Y. Real-time non-contact monitoring method for growth parameters of sheep based on image analysis [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(24):182-191 ( in Chinese)
ZhouY Q, XueH R, JiangX H, GaoX J, DuY J, BaiM Y. Non-contact measurement of sheep body size based on multi-scale Retinex image enhancement [J]. Journal of China Agricultural University,2018,23(9):156-165 (in Chinese)
ZhangC G, LeiJ H, ChenY, ZhangK W. Measurement application of body size parameters of dairy cow based on machine binocular vision[J]. Application of Electronic Technique, 2020, 46(6): 59-62 (in Chinese)
[13]
ShiW, DaiB S, ShenW Z, SunY K, ZhaoK X, ZhangY G. Automatic estimation of dairy cow body condition score based on attention-guided 3D point cloud feature extraction[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2023,206: 107666
WangK, GuoH, LiuW L, MaQ, SuW, ZhuD H. Extraction method of pig body size measurement points based on rotation normalization of point cloud[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(S1):253-259 (in Chinese)
[16]
HuH, YuJ C, YinL, CaiG Y, ZhangS M, ZhangH.An improved PointNet++ point cloud segmentation model applied to automatic measurement method of pig body size[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2023, 205:107560
YinL, WangY X, LinJ Y, CaiG Y .Automatic measurement technology for measurement of swine body size based on three-dimensional point cloud segmentation[J].GuangdongJournal of Animal and Veterinary Science,2023,48(6):1-6,45 (in Chinese)
GengY L, JiY K, YueX D, FuY F. Pigs body size measurement based on point cloud semantic segmentation[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(7):332-338 (in Chinese)
ZhangX Y, LiuG, JingL, SiY S, RenX H, MaL. Automatic extraction method of cow’s back body measuring point based on simplification point cloud [J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(S1):267-275 (in Chinese)
ShiW, ChenY Z, ZhangW K, ZhangX Y, ZhangG Y. Cattle point cloud reconstruction and body size measurement system development based on unmanned air vehicle (UAV) platform [J]. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science, 2022,43(4):93-103 (in Chinese)
[27]
WangK, GuoH, MaQ, SuW, ChenL C, ZhuD H. A portable and automatic Xtion-based measurement system for pig body size[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2018,148:291-298
[28]
LiG X, LiuX L, MaY F, WangB B, ZhengL H, WangM J. Body size measurement and live body weight estimation for pigs based on back surface point clouds[J].Biosystems Engineering, 2022,218:10-22