3.College of Engineering Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China
4.Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University,Jilin 132101,China
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文章历史+
Received
Published
2025-07-30
2025-12-01
Issue Date
2026-04-15
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摘要
为解决东北黑土长期重用轻养导致的结构恶化和有机碳流失问题,明确合理耕层构造(OT)对黑土理化性质及有机碳的调控效应,在吉林农业大学试验田设置OT与传统翻耕(PT)2个处理,测定土壤容重、孔隙度、团聚体稳定性及土壤有机碳质量分数(SOC),结合方差分析、冗余分析(RDA)及随机森林模型等方法解析合理耕层构造的土壤结构及SOC质量分数变化。结果表明:与PT相比,OT能够改善土壤结构,0~10 cm土层容重降低5.45%、孔隙度优化至56.24%,>0.250 mm团聚体比例、团聚体重量平均直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)分别提高18.89%、51.22%和68.42%,不稳定团聚体指数(ELT)降低64.5%;OT处理显著提升0~10、10~20和20~30 cm SOC质量分数(P<0.05),分别较PT提高48.07%、15.31%和10.74%。冗余分析结果显示,土壤容重、孔隙度、含水量及团聚体稳定性(MWD、GMD、>0.250 mm团聚体比例)是影响SOC的关键因子;随机森林模型结果表明,土壤深度、含水量及团聚体稳定性对SOC贡献显著,且团聚体稳定性可减少有机碳矿化损失。综上,合理耕层构造通过优化土壤三相比、降低容重与紧实度、增强团聚体稳定性,为有机碳固定创造适宜物理环境,是提升土壤固碳能力、改善黑土质量的有效措施,可为东北黑土地保护与可持续利用提供理论支撑。
Abstract
To address the issues of structural degradation and organic carbon loss resulting from long-term intensive use and inadequate maintenance of Northeast black soil, this study aims to clarify the regulatory effects of optimal tillage (OT) on the physicochemical properties of black soil and organic carbon. Two treatments of OT and conventional tillage (PT) were set up in the experimental field of Jilin Agricultural University. Soil bulk density, porosity, aggregate stability, and soil organic carbon (SOC) content were measured. and theT soil structure and SOC mass fraction changes of reasonable plow layer structure were analyzed using methods such as variance analysis, redundancy analysis (RDA) and random forest model. The results revealed that, compared to PT, the OT treatment can improve soil structure, with a 5.45% reduction in bulk density and an optimized porosity of 56.24% in the 0-10 cm soil layer. Additionally, the proportion of aggregates larger than 0.250 mm, mean weight diameter (MWD), and geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased by 18.89%, 51.22%, and 68.42%, respectively. The unstable aggregate index (ELT) decreased by 64.5%. The OT treatment significantly enhanced the SOC content at 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, and 20-30 cm soil depths (P<0.05), with increases of 48.07%, 15.31%, and 10.74% compared to PT, respectively. RDA indicated that soil bulk density, porosity, moisture content, and aggregate stability (MWD, GMD, proportion of aggregates greater than 0.250 mm) were key factors influencing SOC. The results of the random forest model further demonstrated that soil depth, moisture content, and aggregate stability significantly contributed to SOC, with aggregate stability mitigating organic carbon mineralization losses. In summary, the implementation of appropriate tillage structures optimizes soil properties, reduces bulk density and compaction, and enhances aggregate stability, thereby creating a suitable physical environment for organic carbon sequestration. This represents an effective measure for enhancing the carbon storage capacity and improving the quality of black soil, providing theoretical support for the protection and sustainable utilization of black soil Northeast China.
所有数据均采用SPSS 22.0软件进行方差分析(ANOVA)和多重比较,显著性检验用Duncan法进行(P<0.05)。使用Origin进行绘图。土壤有机碳与土壤物理性质之间的相关性分析采用Pearson相关系数,冗余分析(RDA)用于分析土壤物理性质、团聚体结构与有机碳含量之间的关系,基于土壤物理因子的土壤有机碳预测采用R version 4.3.2中的random forest软件包进行分析。
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