To investigate the mechanism by which agricultural socialization service facilitates urban-rural economic integration, based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2022 (The data do not include those of Xizang, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions. The same below.), the mediating effect model and spatial spillover effect model were used to examine the mechanism and spatial spillover effect of agricultural socialization service on urban-rural economic integration. The findings indicate that: 1) Agricultural socialization service significantly promotes urban-rural economic integration; 2) Agricultural socialization service can empower urban-rural economic integration through the effect of economy scale and upgrading of industrial structure. The mediating effect of the economy scale was the most significant; 3) There is regional heterogeneity in the impact of agricultural socialization service on urban-rural economic integration, which is manifested as “non-grain main producing areas>grain main producing areas”, “eastern>central and western regions”; 4) There is a positive spatial spillover effect of agricultural socialization service on urban-rural economic integration. Therefore, to promote urban-rural economic integration, the following suggestions were put forward: Further improving the agricultural socialization service system, optimizing regional differentiated development strategies, cultivating diversified industries and strengthening cross-regional service cooperation.
式中:i为地区;t为时间;UREI it 为被解释变量,即各省(区、市)的城乡经济融合水平;核心解释变量ASS it 为农业社会化服务水平;α1为核心变量的回归系数,用以衡量农业社会化服务对城乡经济融合的影响程度;Control it 为一系列控制变量,包括土地生产率、政府支持力度、对外开放程度等变量;α2为控制变量的回归系数;α0为常数项;μi 为个体固定效应;εit 为随机扰动项。
式中:SCA it 为规模经济效应;UIS it 为产业结构升级;SDL it 为专业分工深化;β0、ω0、γ0、ν0、σ0、τ0为常数项,β、ω、γ、ν、σ、τ为估计系数。本研究将利用公式(1)~(7)检验规模经济效应、产业结构升级和专业分工深化的作用机制,并在此基础上进行Sobel检验。
2.1.3 空间计量模型
本研究利用全局Moran’s I指数反映城乡经济融合及农业社会化服务的空间相关关系,计算公式如下:
式中:i和j为不同省份;x和¯x分别为样本值和均值;S2 为方差; Wit 表示空间权重矩阵。
为进一步分析农业社会化服务对城乡经济融合的空间溢出效应,设定空间计量模型,公式如下:
式中:ρW ×UREI it 为被解释变量城乡经济融合的空间滞后项;ρ为空间自回归系数; W 为空间权重矩阵,本研究采用地理距离矩阵进行回归;θW ×ASS it 为核心解释变量农业社会化服务的空间滞后项,反映本地区农业社会化服务对其他地区城乡经济融合的影响,θ和φ为农业社会化服务的回归系数;ηi 为个体固定效应。
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