吴强,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)副教授。长期从事农业经济理论与政策、农产品供应链质量控制与农业低碳发展方面的科研与研究生培养工作。参与完成国家社科基金2项,主持多项省部级课题,主要有山东省社会科学基金青年项目(22DJJJ18)、山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2022QG056)和山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2024MG050)。在《农业技术经济》、《中国农业大学学报》、《干旱区资源与环境》、《统计与决策》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外核心期刊上发表多篇论文,出版专著一部。
作者简介:
陈金兰,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)讲师。长期从事土地经济及农户行为方面的学术研究。主持山东省社会科学专项项目(24CCXJ26),参与国家社会科学基金和国家自然科学基金及省部级基金项目8项。在《农业经济问题》、《干旱区资源与环境》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外学科重要期刊发表高水平学术论文14篇。
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Quantitative assessment, dynamic evolution, and spatial spillover effects of carbon productivity and carbon efficiency in China’s livestock industry
This study aimed to accurately assess the carbon efficiency of China’s animal husbandry and reveal its evolution patterns and influencing factors. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2007 to 2023 (the statistical data do not include Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions. The same below), the current characteristics, dynamic evolution laws and spatial spillover effects of carbon efficiency in China's animal husbandry were analyzed using carbon emission coefficient, Kernel density estimation, Markov chain and spatial Durbin model, and its influencing factors were also explored. The results show that: 1) From 2007 to 2023, the carbon efficiency of China's animal husbandry has risen in a fluctuating manner. Based on the evolution characteristics of carbon efficiency, the evolution process of the national animal husbandry carbon efficiency can be roughly divided into four stages: medium speed, low speed, high growth, and fluctuating decline. 2) The carbon efficiency of animal husbandry in various provinces shows an "unbalanced" feature. The overall carbon efficiency of animal husbandry shows a "high in the east and low in the west" stepwise distribution pattern. The highest is in Jiangsu, while Xizang and Qinghai are the lowest. Compared with the beginning of the period, the carbon efficiency of all provinces except Shanghai has increased, while Xizang has the largest increase. 3) During the research period, the evolution process of carbon efficiency in animal husbandry showed agglomeration characteristics and a trend of two-level differentiation, and simultaneously demonstrated path dependence and proximity effects. 4) The level of industrial agglomeration has a U-shaped relationship with the carbon efficiency of animal husbandry, and the level of industrial agglomeration has a significant spatial spillover effect. The improvement of environmental regulation level, urbanization level and animal husbandry science and technology level has a promoting effect on the carbon efficiency of animal husbandry, while the income level of farmers has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, the level of urbanization shows a negative spatial spillover effect, while the income level of farmers is the opposite.
吴强,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)副教授。长期从事农业经济理论与政策、农产品供应链质量控制与农业低碳发展方面的科研与研究生培养工作。参与完成国家社科基金2项,主持多项省部级课题,主要有山东省社会科学基金青年项目(22DJJJ18)、山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2022QG056)和山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2024MG050)。在《农业技术经济》、《中国农业大学学报》、《干旱区资源与环境》、《统计与决策》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外核心期刊上发表多篇论文,出版专著一部。
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吴强,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)副教授。长期从事农业经济理论与政策、农产品供应链质量控制与农业低碳发展方面的科研与研究生培养工作。参与完成国家社科基金2项,主持多项省部级课题,主要有山东省社会科学基金青年项目(22DJJJ18)、山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2022QG056)和山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2024MG050)。在《农业技术经济》、《中国农业大学学报》、《干旱区资源与环境》、《统计与决策》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外核心期刊上发表多篇论文,出版专著一部。
陈金兰,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)讲师。长期从事土地经济及农户行为方面的学术研究。主持山东省社会科学专项项目(24CCXJ26),参与国家社会科学基金和国家自然科学基金及省部级基金项目8项。在《农业经济问题》、《干旱区资源与环境》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外学科重要期刊发表高水平学术论文14篇。
"}, bioImg=sJzkpcmOiZPSGsr2rcdXxQ==, bioContent=
陈金兰,博士,山东农业大学经济管理学院(商学院)讲师。长期从事土地经济及农户行为方面的学术研究。主持山东省社会科学专项项目(24CCXJ26),参与国家社会科学基金和国家自然科学基金及省部级基金项目8项。在《农业经济问题》、《干旱区资源与环境》、Journal of Environmental Management等国内外学科重要期刊发表高水平学术论文14篇。
中国作为世界上最大的碳排放国家,为控制温室气体排放,制定了2030年前和2060年前分别实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”的宏伟目标(以下简称“双碳”目标)。中国畜牧业在满足人们对动物产品需求的同时,成为温室气体排放的主要来源,其温室气体排放量占全球总量的14.5%[1],占中国农业的35.4%[2]。中共中央、国务院印发《关于进一步深化农村改革,扎实推进乡村全面振兴的意见》[3]和《乡村全面振兴规划(2024-2027年)》[4]等文件,明确要求“扶持畜牧业稳定发展”和“降低农业甲烷和畜禽养殖臭气排放”。提升畜牧业碳效率是实现畜产品安全和减排协同发展的重要途径。畜牧业碳排放的核算方法主要有经济合作与发展组织(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development,OECD)核算法、联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,IPCC)系数法、全生命周期法与投入产出法等[5]。其中IPCC系数法是目前应用最为广泛的一种核算方法[6],其依据《2006年IPCC国家温室气体清单指南》[7],针对各种排放源构造其活动数据与排放因子,并将二者的乘积作为该排放源的碳排放量[8]。依据IPCC 系数法评估了畜牧业碳排放当量,取得了丰富的研究成果。近20年来,中国畜牧业碳排放整体呈下降趋势而且区域差异依然显著,全国以及三大地区的畜牧业碳排放在考察期内既没有表现出落后地区向先进地区“追赶”的趋势,其绝对差异也没有呈现系统性缩小的迹象[2,9]。郭娇等[10]利用中国省级温室气体排放清单重新评估了畜牧业碳排放水平,并在此基础上预测中国畜牧业碳排放达到高峰的年份分别为2034年和2043年,其中,奶业碳排放可能会在2036—2037年达峰[11]。
王欢等[12]在测算2000—2014年省级畜牧业温室气体排放量基础上,借助 Tapio 脱钩模型分析畜牧业温室气体排放与经济发展之间的关系,结果发现畜牧业温室气体排放脱钩效应比较理想;苏旭峰等[13]进一步分析表明,全国和农区整体上实现了从弱脱钩到强脱钩变化,而牧区和农牧交错区仍然处于弱脱钩状态。已有研究表明畜牧业生产强度、城镇化因素有利于碳排放脱钩,经济发展、人口增长因素则主要表现出碳排放脱钩的抑制效应,大部分年限畜牧业生产结构因素表现出对碳排放脱钩的促进作用[14]。
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