Given the increasingly serious problem of the “non-grainization” of planting structure, based on the data of China rural revitalization survey (CRRS) in 2020, this study empirically tests the effect and mechanism of farmers’ digital literacy on planting structure. The results show that: 1) Farmers’ digital literacy significantly promotes the “non-grainization” of planting structure, and the conclusion is still valid after multiple robustness tests; 2) The impact of farmers’ digital literacy on planting structure is heterogeneous, especially in the older generation (farmers aged>50) and high-income group (households with per capita income≥the median per capita income of sample households); 3) Farmers’ digital literacy mainly affects the planting structure through the mediating effect of market participation and financial support. In light of these findings, the following policy recommendations are proposed: Establishing a food security-oriented digital literacy promotion mechanism, focusing on promoting the digital literacy of key farmers, optimize the digital empowerment mechanism of market participation and financial support, and promote the deep integration of digital technology and food production.
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