In order to explore the effect of digital ability on fertilizer reduction, this study defines farmers’ fertilizer reduction behavior from the dual perspectives of factor input and standardized operation. By using the 1 233 micro data from Hubei, Guangxi and Heilongjiang provinces (autonomous regions), the mechanism of digital ability on farmers’ fertilizer reduction behavior was empirically tested. The results show that: 1) Digital ability has a significant effect on the application of formula fertilizer and scientific fertilization, and this conclusion is still true after a variety of robustness tests. In addition, digital access and digital creation are key drivers of farmers’use of chemical fertilizers and standardized fertilization behaviors, respectively. 2) Digital capacity promotes the reduction of fertilizer by three mechanisms including reducing the cost of information search, promoting the expression of digital demand and enhancing the willingness to expand the planting scale. 3) The fertilizer reduction effect of digital capacity is more obvious in the young and middle-aged farmers, and the farmers with risk preference and large planting scale, showing the characteristics of insufficient inclusiveness. 4) After the behavior of fertilizer reduction is redefined according to the combination of the factor input and the standard operation, the fertilizer reduction effect of digital capacity is still significant, and the influence effect of digital creation becomes the highest. Accordingly, it is necessary to promote digital countryside continuously, provide guidance for farmers to make rational use of digital technology, strengthen the expansion and extension of digital capacity, and effectively give play to the fertilizer reduction effect of digital capacity.
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