Institute of Animal Science/State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry/Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China
The study was to analyze the effects of wheat-sorghum dietary crude protein (CP) on the growth performance, protein deposition, plasma biochemical indicators, and liver protein metabolism of medium-growing yellow-feathered broilers aged from 31 to 60 days, and to determine their dietary crude protein requirements total of 900 31-day-old medium-growing ephedra chickens were randomly divided into five CP level groups (16%, 17%, 18%, 19% and 20%), with 6 replicates in each group and 30 broilers in each replicate. The experimental period was 30 d. After the experiment, the growth performance of broilers in different groups was counted. The protein deposition rate of broilers with average body weight was determined every repeat. Two broilers per replicate with average body weight were selected for slaughter sampling, and the biochemical indexes of plasma and liver protein metabolism were determined. The changes of mRNA expression level of protein metabolism key gene in liver were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed as follows: 1) With the increase of dietary CP level, the average daily gain (ADG), body weight and the body protein content all showed linear and quadratic changes (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to weight (F/G), the daily protein deposition and protein deposition rate showed quadratic changes(P<0.05). Compared with 16% CP group, 18% CP group significantly increased the body protein content, daily protein deposition, and protein deposition rate (P<0.05). Compared with 18% CP group, the ADG and 60-day-old weight of 19% and 20% CP group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and the F/G increased significantly (P<0.05). The daily protein deposition and protein deposition rate in 20% CP group were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) With the increase of dietary CP level, the plasma total protein content and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) of broilers showed linear and quadratic changes (P<0.05). Compared with 16% CP group, the content of total protein in plasma of 18% CP group was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the 18% CP group, the plasma IGF-1 content in the 20% CP group decreased significantly (P<0.05). 3) The mRNA expression levels of IGF-1, mammalian target protein of rapamycin, ribosomal protein kinase 1 and recombinant human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-Binding protein 1 in the hepatic of 18% CP level group was significantly higher than that in 16% CP level group and 20% CP level group(P<0.05). In summary, a wheat-sorghum-based diet with 18% CP level could enhance the growth performance and body protein deposition of medium-growing ephedra chickens from 31 to 60 days of age by improving plasma and liver protein metabolism. The study enhances the breeding efficiency of medium-growing ephedra chickens by promoting precision nutrition technology and optimizing feed resource utilization, while also contributing to the conservation of grain resources.
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