王美娜,理学博士,讲师,河南财经政法大学。主要从事生态系统服务,景观生态和农业可持续发展等研究。主持教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目1项、河南省软科学项目研究课题1项,参与完成研究课题4项;以第一作者在Agriculture、Ecosystem and Environment、《生态学报》、《应用生态学报》等期刊发表学术论文8篇。
To assess the control effect of spider diversity on rice pests under different management practices and its impact on rice yield under different agricultural production systems,this study measured key biological indicators, the richness, abundance, Shannon diversity, and Simpson dominance of predatory spiders, as well as the abundance of rice planthoppers, niche width and niche overlap indices, and rice yield. Using generalized linear models, three production systems, conventional (standard chemical inputs), green (reduced chemical inputs), and organic (no synthetic inputs), were comparaed to evaluate their differences in spider diversity, biocontrol effects on planthoppers, and impacts on rice yields. The results showed that: 1) The richness (P=0.001), abundance (P=0.008), Shannon diversity index (P=0.011), and Simpson’s index (P=0.007) of spiders in organic rice fields were significantly higher than those in conventional and green rice fields. However, the abundance of rice planthoppers in organic rice fields was only significantly higher than that in conventional rice fields (P=0.023). 2) In green and conventional rice fields, the population dynamics of rice planthoppers were similar, with low insect density from the early tillering stage to the flowering stage, and a significant increase during the milking stage to the ripening stage. In contrast, the insect density in organic rice fields significantly increased from the jointing stage. 3) In organic and conventional rice fields, the number of spiders was generally higher than that of rice planthoppers during various developmental stages of rice, while the number of rice planthoppers exceeded that of spiders after the milking stage in green rice fields. 4) The spider species with a strong control effect on rice planthoppers in conventional, green, and organic rice fields were respectively Chrysso octomaculata, Xysticus sp.1, and Hypsosinga pygmaea . 5) The yield of green rice fields was significantly higher than that of organic rice fields (P=0.009), and the rice yield was negatively correlated with spider abundance (P=0.049), richness (P<0.001), and diversity index (P=0.019). Therefore, the rational application of pesticides and fertilizers is crucial for enhancing the diversity of natural enemies, and optimizing agricultural production systems is of great significance for achieving sustainable rice production.
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王美娜,理学博士,讲师,河南财经政法大学。主要从事生态系统服务,景观生态和农业可持续发展等研究。主持教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目1项、河南省软科学项目研究课题1项,参与完成研究课题4项;以第一作者在Agriculture、Ecosystem and Environment、《生态学报》、《应用生态学报》等期刊发表学术论文8篇。
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王美娜,理学博士,讲师,河南财经政法大学。主要从事生态系统服务,景观生态和农业可持续发展等研究。主持教育部人文社科研究青年基金项目1项、河南省软科学项目研究课题1项,参与完成研究课题4项;以第一作者在Agriculture、Ecosystem and Environment、《生态学报》、《应用生态学报》等期刊发表学术论文8篇。
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