我国女子跆拳道-49kg级运动员犯规行为特征———以第十四届全运会为例

Characteristics of fouls behavior by Chinese female taekwondo athletes in the -49kg category: Taking the 14th National Games as an example

摘要

研究聚焦第十四届全运会女子跆拳道-49kg级21场比赛,深度解析高水平跆拳道赛事中女子轻量级运动员犯规行为的特征规律,挖掘其成因机制,为运动员规避犯规风险、优化竞技表现及教练员制定针对性训练策略提供科学依据.研究发现:比赛中42次犯规行为中故意犯规共17次,其中越出边界线、倒地和故意回避或消极比赛为主要犯规类型;从不同战局看,第三局犯规行为最多且主要为越界;从对抗距离看,中距离是犯规高发距离,这与该距离作为核心攻防距离有关,贴靠时易发生抓推犯规,而远距离则易出现故意回避或消极比赛;从不同比分情况看,比分领先方犯规次数更多,策略性越界为其主要手段.基于此,提出强化边界控制与抗压技术、优化领先局战术与心理策略、加强逆境心理与技战术干预、引入体能抗衰减训练与续航保障体系等优化建议.

Abstract

Focusing on 21 matches in the women's taekwondo -49kg category at the 14th National Games, this research conducted an in-depth analysis of the characteristic patterns of fouls committed by female lightweight athletes in high-level taekwondo events and explored their causal mechanisms to provide scientific basis for athletes to avoid foul risks and optimize competitive performance, and for coaches to develop targeted training strategies. It is found that among 42 fouls committed during matches, 17 were intentional fouls, with stepping out of boundary lines, falling to the ground, intentional avoidance and passive play being the main types of fouls. In terms of match phases, the third round recorded the highest number of fouls, mainly involving boundary violations. From the perspective of combat distance, the medium distance with high risks of fouls is related to the fact that this mid-range serves as the core distance for both attack and defense. Clinch situations often lead to grabbing and pushing fouls, while intentional avoidance or passive play frequently occur at long distances. From different score situations, the leading team commits more fouls, with strategic boundary violations being their main tactic. Based on this, some optimization strategies are proposed, including strengthening boundary control and anti-stress techniques, optimizing the tactics and psychological strategies of the leading game, enhancing the psychological as well as technical-tactical intervention in face of adversity, and introducing the physical stamina anti-decline and endurance support system.

关键词

女子跆拳道 / 犯规行为特征 / 第十四届全运会 / 技战术

Key words

women's taekwondo / characteristics of foul behavior / The 14th National Games / technical and tactical

参考文献

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