基于机器视觉的双轴控制定位系统设计

Design of dual-axis control positioning system based on machine vision

摘要

为解决传统定位方式柔性不足、依赖工装夹具等问题,设计并实现了1种集成机器视觉与运动控制的二维自动定位系统.系统采用“感知—决策—执行”闭环架构,由机器视觉单元完成目标图像的采集、处理与坐标解算,通过Modbus协议将坐标数据实时传输至可编程逻辑控制器(PLC),PLC据此发出高速脉冲指令,驱动X-Y双轴步进电机模组带动执行机构完成自动精确定位.该系统为工业自动化中的目标抓取、精密对位等应用提供了经济实用的解决方案.

Abstract

To address the issues of insufficient flexibility and heavy reliance on tooling fixtures in traditional positioning methods, a two-dimensional automatic positioning system integrating machine vision and motion control was designed and implemented. The system adopts a closed-loop architecture of "perception-decision-execution". The machine vision unit completes the acquisition, processing and coordinate calculation of target images and transmits the coordinate data to the programmable logic controller (PLC) in real time via the Modbus protocol. Based on the received data, the PLC issues high-speed pulse commands to drive the X-Y dual-axis stepper motor module, which further drives the actuator to achieve precise and automatic positioning. This system provides an economical and practical solution to the applications such as target grasping and precision alignment in industrial automation.

关键词

机器视觉 / 运动控制 / 可编程逻辑控制器 / Modbus协议 / 自动定位

Key words

machine vision / motion control / the programmable logic controller / Modbus protocol / automatic positioning

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