跨学科视角下中考数学试题内容比较与分析———以贵州省2017—2023年中考试题为例

Comparison and analysis of the content of mathematics questions in senior high school entrance examination from the interdisciplinary perspective: A case study on the questions of senior high school entrance examination of Guizhou province from 2017 to 2023

摘要

为了研究中考数学试题的跨学科内容,以贵州省2017—2023年46份中考数学试卷作为研究对象,通过文本分析法从学科来源、题型、知识领域、呈现方式和基本活动类型5个方面进行分析.结果表明:跨学科内容的学科来源广泛但分布不均匀,题型以选择题和解答题为主,知识领域以数与代数和统计与概率为主,呈现方式以文字描述和图文并茂为主,基本活动类型以低、中要求型为主.针对试卷分析结果,提出适当平衡跨学科内容的学科来源,增加跨学科内容难度的教学建议,为一线教师更好地开展数学教学提供参考.

Abstract

In order to study the interdisciplinary content of mathematics questions in senior high school entrance examination, 46 mathematics examination papers of senior-high school entrance examination in Guizhou province from 2017 to 2023 were taken as the research object, and text analysis method was conducted from five aspects: disciplinary sources, question types, knowledge areas, presentation modes and basic activity types. The findings indicate that the interdisciplinary content comes from a wide range of subjects but is not evenly distributed. The question types are mainly multiple-choices and problem-solving questions. The presentation modes primarily utilize textual descriptions and illustrations. The knowledge areas are largely centered on number and algebra, as well as statistics and probability. The types of basic activities are mainly low and medium-demanding types. In response to the findings of test analysis, this paper proposes teaching suggestions such as appropriately balancing the disciplinary sources of interdisciplinary content, increasing the difficulty of interdisciplinary content which provides reference for the frontline teachers to carry out the mathematics teaching better.

关键词

数学 / 中考试题 / 比较 / 分析 / 跨学科内容 / 跨学科教学

Key words

mathematics / questions in the senior high school entrance examination / comparison / analysis / interdisciplinary content / interdisciplinary teaching

参考文献

[1] 中华人民共和国教育部. 义务教育课程方案:2022年版[M]. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社, 2022: 11.

[2] 中华人民共和国教育部. 义务教育数学课程标准:2022年版[S]. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社, 2022.

[3] 梁国裔. 刍议中考数学试题中的跨学科融合[J]. 初中数学教与学, 2023(13): 34-37.

[4] 黄贤明. 数学跨学科试题研究:兼及教学启示[J]. 教育研究与评论(中学教育教学), 2023(5): 27.

[5] 黄凯, 张维忠. 中考数学试题中的跨学科内容分析:以2017年—2021年浙江省中考试题为例[J]. 中学数学教学参考, 2022(17): 53.

[6] 潘小勤, 张维忠. 高中数学教材中跨学科内容的呈现:以新人教A版高中数学必修教材为例[J]. 中学数学教学参考, 2020(13): 31.

[7] 吕世虎, 赵泽国. 高中数学教材中的跨学科内容研究及教学启示[J]. 教育研究与评论(中学教育教学), 2023(9): 8.

[8] 李海东, 李健. 新课标理念下的数学教科书“综合与实践”活动:“关键特征”“基本类型”与“呈现要点”[J]. 数学教育学报, 2022, 31(5): 14-18.

[9] 教育部 关于印发《革命传统进中小学课程教材指南》《中华优秀传统文化进中小学课程教材指南》的通知:教材〔2021〕1号[A/OL].(2021—01—08)[2023—11—28]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A26/s8001/202102/t20210203_512359.html.

基金资助

贵州师范学院与贵州师范大学联合培养硕士研究生专项科研基金(2023YJS02)