HIIT对高校男子篮球运动员投篮技术与心肺耐力的影响

Effects of HIIT on shooting technique and cardiorespiratory endurance of college male basketball players

摘要

为了探究高强度间歇训练方案对高校男子篮球运动员投篮技术和心肺耐力的改善程度,将符合标准的32名受试者按照场上位置随机分为高强度间歇训练组(HIIT组)和常规专项训练组(CON组),进行为期9周的训练,干预后对90s外线强度投篮、60s三点折返投篮、30-15IFT最后完成速度(VIFT)、最大摄氧量(VO_2max)4项指标进行统计学分析.结果显示:HIIT组与CON组2项投篮技术测试、2项心肺耐力指标较干预前均有不同程度提高;HIIT组2项投篮测试指标提升幅度均大于CON组,60s三点折返投篮命中率和出手次数具有显著差异性(P<0.05),2项心肺耐力指标VIFT(P<0.05)和VO_2max(P<0.01)的提升幅度高于CON组.可见,2种训练方案对高校男子篮球运动员投篮技术和心肺耐力的提高均具有积极作用,但高强度间歇训练改善效果更好.建议教练员根据训练群体的实际情况科学选择HIIT方法,将高强度间歇训练与篮球专项技术相结合,注重训练前的诊断和训练后的科学恢复,最大程度地降低运动损伤风险.

Abstract

In order to explore the improvement degree of the high-intensity interval training program on the shooting technique and cardiorespiratory endurance of college male basketball players, 32 subjects who met the criteria were randomly divided into the high-intensity interval training group (HIIT group) and the conventional special training group (CON group) according to the on-court position for a period of 9 weeks. After the intervention, four indexes, namely, 90s outside intensity shooting, 60s three-point folding shooting, 30-15IFT final completion velocity (VIFT), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the 2 shooting technique tests and the 2 cardiorespiratory endurance indexes of the HIIT group and the CON group were improved to different degrees compared with the pre-intervention period; the improvement of the 2 shooting test indexes of the HIIT group was greater than that of the CON group, and the hitting rate and the number of shots of the 60s three-point folding back shot were significantly different (P < 0.05), and the 2 cardiorespiratory endurance indexes of the VIFT (P < 0.05) and the VO_2max (P < 0.01) were improved more than the CON group. It can be seen that both of the training programs have positive effects on the improvement of shooting skills and cardiorespiratory endurance of college male basketball players, but the improvement effect of high-intensity interval training is better. It is recommended that coaches choose HIIT methods scientifically according to the actual situation of the training group, combine high-intensity interval training with special basketball techniques, focus on pre-training diagnosis and post-training scientific recovery to minimize the risk of sports injuries.

关键词

高强度间歇训练 / 投篮技术 / 心肺耐力 / 男子篮球运动员 / 大学生

Key words

high-intensity interval training / shooting technique / cardiorespiratory endurance / male basketball players / college students

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