具有相变调温与光致发光双功能的醋酸纤维素微纳米纤维的结构设计及性能

Structure design and performance of cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers with phase change temperature regulation and photoluminescence functions

摘要

具有生物可降解功能的醋酸纤维素材料在新型健康、环保和可持续加工的高分子材料的开发上发挥着重要作用。本研究以醋酸纤维素为成纤聚合物,利用静电纺丝技术对具有相变调温和光致发光的双功能醋酸纤维素微纳纤维进行制备。通过对不同静电纺丝方法制备的双功能醋酸纤维素微纳纤维结构进行理论模拟,并结合系列试验样品进行对比分析,发现同轴静电纺丝法更有利于获得结构与性能优异的双功能醋酸纤维素微纳纤维。样品的透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果表明,优化工艺后最终获得的双功能醋酸纤维素微纳纤维具有明显的皮芯结构,纤维表面光滑、直径分布均匀;差示扫描量热(DSC)分析结果显示,吸放热焓值分别达40.2 J/g和43.3 J/g,在高温环境中的远红外成像照片表明其具有较好的相变调温功能。双功能醋酸纤维素微纳纤维在紫外光激发下展现出靓丽的绿色荧光,其荧光寿命达1 006 μs,呈现出优异的光致发光功能。这些研究结果为新型的双功醋酸纤维素微纳纤维的开发提供了重要的理论支撑。

Abstract

Biodegradable cellulose acetate materials play an important role in the development of novel healthy, environmentally friendly and sustainably processed polymer materials. In this study, cellulose acetate was used as the fiber-forming polymer, and bifunctional cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers with phase change temperature regulation and photoluminescence were prepared via electrospinning technology. Through theoretical simulation of the structures of bifunctional cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers prepared by different electrospinning methods and comparative analysis of a series of experimental samples, it was found that the coaxial electrospinning method is more conducive to obtaining dual-functional cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers with balanced structure and performance. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that the optimally selected dual-functional cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers exhibit a distinct core-shell structure, with smooth surface and uniform diameter distribution. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis reveals that the enthalpy values of endothermic and exothermic processes reach 40.2 J/g and 43.3 J/g, respectively. Far-infrared imaging in high-temperature environments confirms its favorable phase-change temperature regulation performance. Under ultraviolet excitation, the optimally selected dual-functional fibers emit bright green fluorescence with a fluorescence lifetime of up to 1006 μs, demonstrating excellent photoluminescent properties. These results provide important theoretical support for the development of novel dual-functional cellulose acetate micro-nano fibers.

关键词

醋酸纤维素 / 微纳米纤维 / 相变调温 / 光致发光

Key words

cellulose acetate / micro-nano fibers / phase change temperature regulation / photoluminescence

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(51873152)

厦门旭纶成纺织科技有限公司企业委托项目(2024120011001323)