To address the issue of low quantum state utilization in star-type quantum secret sharing protocols, a high-efficient multi-party quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed based on two-photon polarization-spatial mode hyperentangled states. In the new scheme, secrets are split and subsequently grouped for encryption, enabling one bit of secret information to be shared among multiple agents through one qubit based on the method of secure direct communication. When compared with existing star-type quantum secret sharing protocols, the new scheme significantly enhances the utilization rate of quantum states and can be easily implemented under current conditions, as it does not require quantum storage. Moreover, cheating attacks launched by dishonest agents can be effectively resisted through the verifiable algorithm incorporated in the new scheme.
近年来,研究者发现超纠缠态具有在多自由度间同时发生纠缠的特点,能够有效地提升量子通信的信道容量和协议安全性,因此一系列基于超纠缠态的量子密码协议[16-17]被相继提出。例如,Sheng等基于双光子偏振—空间模超纠缠态提出了一步量子安全直接通信(Quantum Secure Direct Communication, QSDC)协议[17],可通过一次传输安全发送2比特秘密信息。
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