Software-defined wireless sensor networks (SDWSN) are considered to better address the issue of routing data aggregation and network topology control. However, it still faces many challenges such as resource limitation and node heterogeneity how to integrate this centralized control mode with the distributed deployment of WSN. To solve the above problems, an SDWSN deployment scheme based on bacterial foraging optimization algorithm is proposed, which is utilized to realize the deployment of control nodes and dynamic adaptive clustering of sensor node network. Three factors, namely energy, distance and load balancing, are incorporated into the adaptive function. The collaboration among nodes and the adaptive adjustment are controlled by using the function to enhance the network resilience and operational efficiency. Simulation results indicate that compared with genetic mutation-based whale optimization algorithm (GM-WOA) and non-linear weight particle swarm optimization algorithm (NWPSO), superior performance is achieved by using the proposed scheme in energy consumption, network efficiency and network lifetime.
控制节点部署问题主要考虑通过优化网络结构布局,使节点间在数据通信过程中的能量消耗得到优化。由于SDWSN的模型架构是在传统WSN结构基础上进行构建的,因此可直接使用通信能耗模型计算能量消耗[18]。该模型主要基于路径损失模型,在发送器和接收器之间的距离(d)基础上,考虑多径衰落信道(d4 power loss)和自由空间信道(d2 power loss)两种模型。通过设定一个合适的阈值dt来确定能量模型的使用。如果距离大于阈值dt,则应用多径衰落模型;如果距离小于或等于阈值dt,则使用自由空间模型。在距离d上一个普通节点传输k bit信息所消耗的能量可表示为:
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