In response to the shortage of stone materials in Bangladesh, which leads to higher costs for road construction due to reliance on imports, this study investigated the significant potential of utilizing brick slag aggregate and recycled aggregate as substitutes for graded gravel. This approach was particularly relevant given the country’s large production of clay-fired bricks and substantial construction waste. Using a life cycle analysis (LCA) method, the study established environmental impact inventories for graded gravel, brick slag aggregate, and recycled aggregate. The BEPAS model was employed to quantitatively analyze the environmental impacts of the two alternative solutions, providing a comprehensive evaluation of their environmental and economic benefits. The results show that the environmental benefit-to-cost ratio for brick slag aggregate is 0.017, while for recycled aggregate it is 3.762. This indicates that the environmental benefits of brick slag aggregate are far lower than the environmental costs incurred, whereas the environmental benefits of recycled aggregate are clearly higher than the associated environmental costs, demonstrating notable environmental advantages. In terms of economic benefits, the use of brick slag aggregate in pavement construction reduces costs by 28.40%, while costs for recycled aggregate can be further decreased to below 10%, delivering even more significant economic benefits.
孟加拉国要求路面结构设计采用美国各州公路运输工作者协会(American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,AASHTO)1993版路面结构设计指南[19],该规范采用累计轴载次数、路面性能服务指数、路面结构数三者关系式进行设计。在AASHTO设计方法中,为使公路在寿命期间提供等效的服务,即累计轴载次数、路面性能服务指数二者保持不变,就要求采用碎石和砖渣的底基层填料的路面结构数SN 相等。结构数SN 的计算公式为:
在生命周期分析的基础上,归纳出3种填料的主要环境影响类型为资源消耗、能源消耗和生态破坏。资源消耗表现为水资源、石灰石和黏土的消耗;能源消耗表现为煤炭、柴油和电力的消耗。在生态破坏方面,参考通用过程排放清单[17],结合孟加拉国的主要环境问题[21],生态破坏以大气环境影响为主,包括气候变化(CO2、CO)、酸雨(SO2、NO x )、雾霾(颗粒物)3种类型。
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