1.School of Resource and Environment,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031
2.Research and Development Center of Advanced Environmental Supervision Technology and Instrument,Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou) Tsinghua,Suzhou 215163
3.Research Center of Environmental Technology in Water Pollution Source Identification and Precise Supervision,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084
The textile and dyeing industry in the Yangtze River Delta region is highly concentrated and generates a large amount of wastewater, which increases the risk of illegal discharges. Therefore, accurately tracing the source of the dyeing wastewater has become an urgent need in the field of water environment governance and ecological protection. Aqueous fluorescence fingerprint technology enables rapid identification of the suspected pollution source by comparing the fingerprints of contaminated water samples with those of known pollution sources in the database. Its application potential in the field of water environment supervision is enormous. Taking the wastewater from two typical dyeing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta region (dyeing wastewater 1 and 2) and the dye dispersant MF as the research objects, the aqueous fluorescence fingerprint patterns were determined, and the influence of environmental factors (pH and NO) on the aqueous fluorescence fingerprint characteristics was investigated. The results show that in the aqueous fluorescence fingerprints of each sample, there are two fluorescence peaks, peak 1 and peak 2, whose [excitation wavelength, emission wavelength] positions are respectively located near [280, 320] nm and [230, 340] nm. In the three⁃dimensional fluorescence spectra of the dyeing wastewater 1 and 2, the C1 and C2 components may originate from the dispersant MF. The fluorescence intensity of peak 2 for wastewater 1 is more affected by pH and NO than that of the dispersant MF. This suggests that it may contain other fluorescent organic substances that are more sensitive to changes in environmental factors. The normal pH levels in surface water and the typical concentrations of NO in centralized surface water sources for drinking water have a relatively minor impact on the position of the fluorescence peaks, and do not affect the identification of the pollution source type. When the mass concentration of NO was 40 mg/L, the fluorescence intensity of peak 2 in the dyeing wastewater samples 1 and 2 decreased by 32.52% and 24.79%, respectively, compared to the case without adjusting the NO concentration, which might lead to an underestimation of the degree of pollution.
纺织印染产业作为长江三角洲地区的支柱型产业,其相关企业分布密集,所产生的印染废水(printing and dyeing wastewater, PDW)排放量大,组分复杂,有机物浓度高,属于典型的难处理工业废水。在此背景下,企业非法排污的风险相应升高。研究表明,在长江三角洲地区的众多支流水样中均检测出典型的印染废水特征[1-2],可见印染废水是该地区水环境中常见的工业污染来源之一。开展印染废水精准溯源研究,对于有效管控污染、追溯非法排放行为具有重要的现实意义与紧迫性。
LIUC Y, CHAIY D, XUX G, et al. Aqueous fluorescence fingerprint characteristics and discharge source identification of a river in southern China[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2021, 41(7): 2142-2147. (in Chinese)
ZHANGY, LIUC Y, CHENGC, et al. Analysis of fluorescence fingerprint characteristics of water quality in the estuary of the Yangtze River[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2022, 42(12): 3948-3953. (in Chinese)
Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China. Technical guideline for supervision and management of sewage outfalls into environmental water bodies—Source tracing of aqueous fluorescence fingerprint methods: HJ 1407—2024 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2024. (in Chinese)
[7]
CHENGC, LIUC Y, SHENJ, et al. Novel insights into the evolution of dissolved organic matter during different full⁃scale advanced treatment processes for textile secondary effluent[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2025,13(3): 116266.
CHENGC, QIANY T, HUANGZ R, et al. Fluorescence excitation emission matrix properties of the effluents from the wastewater treatment plants in Jiangyin city, Jiangsu province[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2021, 41(12): 3791-3796. (in Chinese)
CAOJ J, DIAOL X, WEIY J. Fluorescence inner filter effect of multicomponent system[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2014, 34(10): 363-364. (in Chinese)
[12]
LAWAETZA J, STEDMONC A. Fluorescence intensity calibration using the Raman scatter peak of water[J]. Applied Spectroscopy, 2009, 63(8): 936-940.
[13]
STEDMONC A, BRO R. Characterizing dissolved organic matter fluorescence with parallel factor analysis: a tutorial[J]. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 2008, 6(11): 572-579.
[14]
LIUB, WUJ, CHENGC, et al. Identification of textile wastewater in water bodies by fluorescence excitation emission matrix⁃parallel factor analysis and high⁃performance size exclusion chromatography[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 216: 617-623.
State Environmental Protection Administration of the People’s Republic of China, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Environmental quality standards for surface water: GB 3838—2002 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2002. (in Chinese)
GUQ, KENNYJ E. Improvement of inner filter effect correction based on determination of effective geometric parameters using a conventional fluorimeter[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 2009, 81(1): 420-426.