基于主成分分析对贵州不同宽叶韭的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of different Guizhou Allium hookeri based on principal component analysis

摘要

为研究贵州不同宽叶韭形态指标与品质指标之间的差异，为其合理开发利用提供依据，以来自贵州9个县区引种驯化的11种野生宽叶韭为试验材料，以栽培韭中科一号为营养指标对照（CK），通过测定不同宽叶韭的株高、株幅等8个生物学形态指标，并测定3种不同叶片宽度（最宽、中宽、最窄）宽叶韭叶和根中维生素C、蛋白质含量等10项营养品质指标，采用主成分分析和相关性分析方法进行综合分析评价。结果表明，20-CJ1和20-CJ19的肉质根长度和粗度均较高，肉质根长分别为23.57和21.07 cm，肉质根粗分别为3.11和2.71 mm；20-CJ1、20-CJ12、20-CJ51等叶宽均较宽；20-CJ12、20-CJ51的假茎长且粗壮。通过生物性状主成分分析可将11种宽叶韭划分为宽叶型、窄叶型和中宽叶型3类。在营养成分方面，3种宽叶韭及CK根和叶中营养价值综合得分从高到低为：20-CJ7根＞20-CJ2叶＞20-CJ7叶＞20-CJ1叶、20-CJ2根＞CK根、20-CJ1根＞CK叶。综合分析3种类型宽叶韭根和叶的营养价值，总得分从高到低为：20-CJ7＞20-CJ2＞20-CJ1＞CK。综上，20-CJ1和20-CJ19根较长且粗壮；20-CJ12和20-CJ51的叶均较宽、假茎长且粗壮；20-CJ7的综合营养价值最高，人们可根据市场需求进行开发利用。

Abstract

To investigate the differences between trait indicators and quality indicators of different Allium hookeri resources from Guizhou, and to provide a theoretical basis for its rational development and utilization, 11 wild Allium hookeri germplasm resources introduced and domesticated from 9 counties in Guizhou were used as experimental materials, using the cultivated leek variety Zhongke No.1 as the control for the nutritional quality indicators. Eight biological trait indicators, including plant height and plant width, were measured for different Allium hookeri. Three Allium hookeri resources with different leaf widths were selected, and 10 nutritional quality indicators, including vitamin C and protein content, were tested for their edible parts, namely leaves and roots. Principal component analysis and correlation analysis methods were used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that 20-CJ1 and 20-CJ19 exhibited outstanding performance in terms of fleshy root length and diameter, with fleshy root lengths of 23.57 cm and 21.07 cm, respectively, and fleshy root diameter of 3.11 mm and 2.71 mm, respectively. Resources such as 20-CJ1, 20-CJ12, and 20-CJ51 demonstrated obvious broadleaf characteristics; and the pseudostems of 20-CJ12 and 20-CJ51 were significantly long and thick. Through principal component analysis of biological traits, the 11 Allium hookeri resources were classified into three types: Broadleaf type, narrowleaf type, and mediumleaf type. In terms of nutritional components, the comprehensive scores of nutritional value in roots and leaves of the three types of Allium hookeri were ranked from high to low as follows: 20-CJ7 root＞ 20-CJ2 leaf＞20-CJ7 leaf＞20-CJ1 leaf, 20-CJ2 root＞CK root, 20-CJ1 root＞CK leaf. Considering the nutritional value of roots and leaves of the three types ofAllium hookeri, the overall scores were ranked from high to low as follows: 20-CJ7＞20-CJ2＞20-CJ1＞CK. In summary, 20-CJ1 and 20-CJ19 have long and sturdy roots; 20-CJ12 and 20-CJ51 have broad leaves and the pseudostems is long and stout; 20-CJ7 has the highest comprehensive nutritional value. People can develop and utilize them according to market demand.

关键词

宽叶韭 / 性状 / 营养成分 / 综合评价

Key words

Allium hookeri / Characteristics / Nutritional component / Comprehensive evaluation

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基金资助

2026年贵州省高原特色蔬菜产业技术体系(GZGYTSSCCYJSTX-202603)

2026年贵州省蔬菜产业技术体系(GZSC-CYJSTX-202601)