基于主成分分析和隶属函数法对马铃薯新品种（系）的综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of new potato varieties (lines) based on principal component analysis and membership function method

摘要

为筛选出适宜甘肃省中部半干旱区种植的优质马铃薯新品种，利用主成分分析和隶属函数法对甘肃省选育和引进的30个新品种（系）进行综合评价。结果表明，马铃薯各品种（系）具有较丰富的遗传多样性，性状变异系数存在较大差异，还原糖含量变异系数最高，为33.12%，形态性状和农艺性状遗传多样性指数平均值分别为0.90和1.72；相关性分析表明，产量与株高、商品薯率、单株薯质量均呈极显著正相关，干物质含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著正相关，淀粉含量与干物质含量、蛋白质含量呈显著正相关；主成分分析表明，前5个主成分累计贡献率为86.846%，主成分因子分别为单株薯质量、干物质含量、淀粉含量、维生素C含量、还原糖含量；基于综合评价，筛选出优于对照的品种（系）11个，其中，高产优质品种（系）6个、适宜淀粉加工型品系1个，适宜薯条、薯片及全粉加工型品系2个。综上，L13105-10、Ly1631-1、中薯28、中薯49、临薯18、L14140-5等6个品种（系）综合评价优异，可作为甘肃省中部半干旱地区加工专用型和优质高产马铃薯品种（系）类型推广种植。

Abstract

To screen out high-quality new varieties of potato suitable for cultivation in the semi-arid central region of Gansu province. Principal component analysis and membership function method were used to analyze a comprehensive evaluation of 30 new varieties (lines). The results indicated that the potato cultivars (lines) exhibited abundant genetic diversity, with significant variation in trait coefficients of variation among them, the reducing sugar content has the highest coefficient of variation, with the value of 33.12%. The average genetic diversity index between morphological trait and agronomic trait were 0.90 and 1.72, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that yield was highly significantly positively correlated with the plant height, commodity potato rate and tuber mass per plant, dry matter content was highly significant positive correlation with protein content, and starch content was significantly positively correlated with dry matter content and protein content. Principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of five principal components was 86.846%, with the primary contributing factors being tuber weight per plant, dry matter content, starch content, vitamin C content, and reducing sugar content. Based on the comprehensive evaluation, a total of 11 high-quality varieties (lines) were superior to the control variety, including six varieties (lines) with high-yield and high-quality, one line for starch processing, and two lines suitable for processing potato chips, potato flakes and powder products. In conclusion, the varieties with excellent comprehensive evaluation are L13105-10, Ly1631-1, Zhongshu 28, Zhongshu 49, Linshu 18 and L14140-5, which can be used for planting as processing-specialized and high-quality potato varieties for the semi-arid central area of Gansu province.

关键词

马铃薯 / 主成分分析 / 隶属函数法 / 综合评价

Key words

Potato / Principal component analysis / Membership function method / Comprehensive evaluation

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基金资助

甘肃省陇原青年英才项目

甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2025-17)

甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2025-14)

甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(GNKJ-2026-31)

甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NA002)

甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NA003)

甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD11NA004)