不同栽培料培养下毛木耳转录组分析

Transcriptome analysis of Auricularia cornea cultivated under different cultivation substrates

摘要

为探究不同栽培料对毛木耳（Auricularia cornea）生长发育及代谢机制的影响，本研究以棉籽壳为主料的对照组（CK：棉籽壳 84%、麸皮 13%、石膏 3%）和玉米芯、木屑和棉籽壳复合料的处理组（T1：玉米芯 28%、木屑 28%、棉籽壳 28%、麸皮 13%、石膏 3%）培养的毛木耳子实体为材料，采用 Illumina Hiseq 测序平台进行转录组测序分析。结果显示，两组样品共获得 clean reads 291.87 M，碱基质控 Q20 均高于 95%。差异表达基因（DEGs）分析表明，与对照组相比，共筛选到 DEGs 4847 个，其中上调基因 141 个，下调基因 4706 个。GO 功能富集分析显示，DEGs 主要富集于翻译和肽代谢过程等；KEGG 通路富集分析表明，差异基因显著富集于核糖体、氧化磷酸化、吞噬体和蛋白质加工等与代谢和蛋白质合成相关的通路。实时荧光定量 PCR（qRT-PCR）验证结果与转录组数据趋势一致，证实测序结果可靠。本研究为解析毛木耳对复合栽培料的适应性代谢机制提供了分子依据，也为优化毛木耳栽培料配方提供了理论支撑。

Abstract

To explore the effects of different cultivation substrates on the growth, development and metabolic mechanism ofAuricularia cornea, this study used a control group（CK）with cottonseed hulls as the main substrate（84% cottonseed hulls, 13% bran, and 3% gypsum）and a treatment group（T1）with a composite substrate of corncob, sawdust, and cottonseed hulls（28% corncob, 28% sawdust, 28% cottonseed hulls, 13% bran, and 3% gypsum）. Fruit bodies ofA. cornea were cultivated separately under these two conditions, and transcriptome sequencing of the fruiting bodies was performed using the Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform. The results showed that a total of 291.87 M clean reads were obtained from the two groups, with Q20 base quality scores above 95% in all samples. Differentially expressed genes（DEGs）analysis revealed that compared with the control group, a total of 4847 DEGs were identified in the treatment group, including 141 up-regulated genes and 4706 down-regulated genes. GO functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes such as translation and peptide metabolism processes. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in pathways related to metabolism and protein synthesis, including ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, phagosome, and protein processing. Quantitative real-time PCR（qRT-PCR）validation results were consistent with the transcriptomic data, confirming the reliability of the sequencing results. This study provides a molecular basis for understanding the adaptive metabolic mechanism ofA. cornea to composite cultivation substrates, and also offers theoretical support for optimizing the substrate formula forA. cornea cultivation.

关键词

毛木耳 / 栽培料 / 转录组测序 / 差异表达基因 / 代谢通路

Key words

Auricularia cornea / Cultivation substrate / Transcriptome sequencing / Differentially expressed gene / Metabolic pathway

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基金资助

国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-23)

河南优势特色农业产业科技支撑行动计划食用菌专项(20250803003)