To elucidate the mechanism enhancing the load-bearing performance of gun barrels by rotational autofrettage technology, this study established a finite element model characterizing the stress distribution in normal barrels under chamber pressure. A systematic comparative analysis was conducted on the evolution of residual stress fields following autofrettage treatment at varying angular velocities. Subsequently, chamber pressures of 450 MPa and 320 MPa were applied to the autofrettaged barrels to compute their stress responses during simulated firing. The research proposed a theoretical correction method for the plastic radius based on the Von-Mises yield criterion, effectively resolving the inaccuracies inherent in solutions derived from the traditional Tresca criterion. The corrected theoretical results showed excellent agreement with numerical simulations. By quantitatively analyzing the correlation between peak Von-Mises stress and autofrettage process parameters, the optimal angular velocity window (4 680~5 205 rad·s-1) and optimal overstrain range (32%~97%) for the rotational autofrettage process of the studied barrel were determined. These findings provide a critical design basis for engineering applications.
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