1.Gansu Research Academy of Forestry Science and Technology,Lanzhou 730020
2.Institute of Forestry Science,Bailong River Forestry Management Bureau of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070
3.Zhouqu County Forestry and Grassland Technology Integrated Service Station,Zhouqu 746300
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文章历史+
Received
Accepted
Published
2024-08-14
Issue Date
2025-03-21
PDF (748K)
摘要
了解白龙江流域珍稀濒危植物大果青杄群落主要种群间的生态关系及群落稳定性,以期为濒危物种大果青杄天然种群保护和恢复提供理论依据。在群落调查的基础上,运用Levins生态位宽度、Pianka生态位重叠指数和M. Codron稳定性等指标,分析白龙江流域大果青杄(Picea neoveitchii)群落19个主要种群的生态位特征和群落稳定性。结果表明:①大果青杄和毛黄栌(Cotinus coggygria var. pubescens)是群落的绝对优势种,分别占据了不同片层的最大生态位宽度,在资源有限的野外环境,它们能够更充分地利用环境资源,适应不同环境变化。②群落内部普遍存在较高程度的生态位重叠,生态位分化程度不高,各种群对环境资源的需求表现出高度一致性,种间潜在竞争激烈。③群落整体和各垂直层次的稳定性均远离20/80,均处于不稳定状态。研究认为,大果青杄在整个群落中明显占有优势地位,具有较强的竞争优势,但群落内部生态位分化程度不明显,种群间潜在竞争激烈,群落结构极不稳定。资源总量不足和种间激烈竞争可能是其致濒的原因之一。
Abstract
Understanding the stability of the community and the ecological relationship between the main populations of the rare and endangered plant Picea neoveitchii community in the Bailong River Basin can provide a theoretical basis for the protection and restoration of the endangered species P. neoveitchii. Based on the community investigation, the niche characteristics and community stability of 19 main populations of P. neoveitchii community in Bailong River Basin were analyzed by using Levins niche width, Pianka niche overlap index and M. Codron stability. The results showed that : (1)P. neoveitchii and Cotinus coggygria var. pubescens were the absolute dominant species of the community, occupying the maximum niche width in different layers. They made full use of environmental resources and adapted to the changes of different environments in the field environment with limited resources. (2)There was a high degree of niche overlap within the community, and the degree of niche differentiation was not high, the demand of various populations for environmental resources showed a high degree of consistency, and the potential interspecies competition was strong. (3)The stability of the whole community and each vertical layer was far away from 20/80, which was in an unstable state. The research suggested that P. neoveitchii had a dominant position and strong competitive advantage in the whole community. However, the degree of niche differentiation within the community was not obvious, the potential competition among populations was fierce, and the structure of the community was extremely unstable. Insufficient resources and strong interspecies competition might be one of the reasons for its endangerment.
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