Seeds of 18 F. mandshurica clones were used as materials, the germination performances of clones at suitable temperatures after different stratification treatments were compared, and the relationships between germination performances and seed embryo growth changes were analyzed. The results showed that the germination performances of seeds were different among F. mandshurica clones after different stratification treatments. Seed dormancy of clones 1, 2 and 6 was shallow and could be broken after variable temperature stratification treatments for a short time(a total 18 weeks), which the germination rate of clones 2 and 6 reached more than 75%. Seed dormancy of clones 13, 14, 15 and 16 were broken by 20-week stratification treatment (cold temperature extended for two weeks), and clones 4, 8, 11 and 12 by 20-week stratification treatment (warm temperature extended for two weeks). Seeds dormancy of clones 5 and 18 was deep-degree, it could be broken by extending the stratification(warm and cold temperature) time to 22 weeks. Seed dormancy of clones 3, 7, 9, 10 and 17 could be broken by stratification treatment for 20 weeks, without significant difference in the dormancy between seeds treated by extending warm and cold stratification time. The changes of embryo length, embryo rate and embryo mass ratio in the process of stratification were different in different clones, and relative extension time(two weeks) of cold temperature stratification in clones 6, 7 and 11 was conducive to embryo growth, and extension time(two weeks) of warm temperature stratification in clones 2, 5 and 17 was conducive to embryo growth. Differences in seed dormancy of different clones could not be accurately judged by changes in seed embryo growth during the stratification process, which should be judged mainly by the germination performances. The results could provide a reference for the selection of mother clones with shallow seed dormancy in production practice.
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