片区化推进乡村振兴背景下的青年返乡创业：机遇、挑战和推进思路^*

Rural Entrepreneurship in the Context of Promoting Rural Revitalization through District-based Development: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pathways

摘要

青年返乡创业是破解农村缺人才、缺产业困境的重要途径。片区化推进乡村振兴背景下，青年返乡创业迎来新的契机。文章旨在厘清片区化推进乡村振兴实践中，青年返乡创业的发展机遇、当前涌现的主要创业形式和面临的挑战。分析表明：片区化抱团发展中，政策集成能够提高创业能力，要素整合能够丰富创业资源，区域联动可以创造创业机会，共建共治可以优化创业环境。片区化推进乡村振兴实践中涌现出多种形式的创业新形态，但也面临片区功能定位失准与多变带来的制度性风险、利益联结机制不合理导致的创业根基不稳、片区数字化平台应用中的能力约束问题、片区公用品牌使用中的假冒侵权困境等多重挑战。基于以上分析，文章提出片区化推进乡村振兴背景下，促进青年返乡创业健康可持续发展要围绕强化片区规划引领与法治保障、创新片区利益联结与治理模式、加强片区内数字技能培训与平台适配、构建片区品牌共治与协同保护体系持续发力。

Abstract

Youth returning-home entrepreneurship is a crucial approach to address the predicament of talent and industry shortages in rural areas. Against the backdrop of advancing rural revitalization in a district-based manner, youth returning-home entrepreneurship has ushered in new development opportunities. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the development opportunities, emerging practices and existing challenges of youth returning-home entrepreneurship in the process of advancing rural revitalization in a district-based mode. The analysis shows that in the district-based clustered development model, policy integration can enhance entrepreneurial capabilities, factor integration can enrich entrepreneurial resources, regional linkage can create entrepreneurial opportunities, and joint construction and governance can optimize the entrepreneurial environment. A variety of new entrepreneurial forms have emerged in the practice of advancing rural revitalization in a district-based way. However, there are still multiple challenges, such as institutional risks caused by inaccurate and volatile functional positioning of districts, unstable entrepreneurial foundations resulting from unreasonable interest linkage mechanisms, capability constraints in the application of district digital platforms, and the dilemma of counterfeiting and infringement in the use of district public brands. Based on the above analysis, this paper proposes that under the context of advancing rural revitalization, promoting the healthy and sustainable youth returning-home entrepreneurship should focus on strengthening regional planning guidance and legal safeguards, innovating regional interest linkage and governance models, enhancing digital skills training and platform adaptation within the region, and continuously building a regional brand co-governance and collaborative protection system.

关键词

片区化发展 / 乡村振兴 / 青年 / 返乡创业

Key words

district-based development / rural revitalization / youth / returning-home entrepreneurship

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基金资助

*国家社会科学基金青年项目(23CJL013)