普惠金融深化赋能乡村全面振兴：时代内涵、现实逻辑与路径创新^*

Deepening Inclusive Finance to Empower Comprehensive Rural Revitalization: Era Connotation, Practical Logic and Path Innovation

摘要

党的十八大以来，我国普惠金融发展实现跨越式突破，在服务城乡和支持实体经济领域成效显著。当前，金融强国与农业强国建设纵深推进、乡村振兴全面深化，传统普惠金融已难适配农业农村高质量发展的现实需求，向数智化、多元化、绿色化、产业化转型成为必然。但在农村深化普惠金融进程中仍面临多重约束：一是金融服务的功能认知偏差与供给不足，部分主体忽视普惠金融综合服务价值；二是信息共享滞缓与农村信用体系短板，制约风险评估；三是金融产品与农户需求适配性差，难以有效对接差异化诉求；四是农民数字素养与资本积累滞后，影响数字金融服务渗透；五是风险共担机制不完善、抵押物缺乏，削弱融资可得性；六是区域发展失衡，偏远地区服务存在空白。为此，需通过多维度发力，深化普惠金融内涵认知，系统总结金融赋能乡村全面振兴经验；强化金融机构支农担当，健全多元金融互补机制；创新绿色普惠模式，引导资源流向乡村绿色产业；搭建开放型数智金融平台，打破信息壁垒；完善农村金融基础设施与制度，为农业增效益、农村增活力、农民增收和乡村全面振兴注入不竭动力，助力金融强国与农业强国建设同频推进。

Abstract

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's inclusive finance development has achieved leapfrog breakthroughs, delivering remarkable outcomes in serving urban-rural areas and supporting the real economy. At present, as the construction of a strong agricultural country and a strong financial country advances in depth and rural revitalization is comprehensively deepened, traditional inclusive finance can hardly meet the practical demands of high-quality development in agriculture and rural areas. Thus, the transformation towards digital intelligence, diversification, greening, and industrialization has become inevitable. However, the deepening of inclusive finance in rural areas still encounters multiple obstacles: first, there exists a cognitive deviation regarding the function of financial services and insufficient supply, with some entities neglecting the comprehensive service value of inclusive finance; second, slow information sharing and shortcomings in the rural credit system restrict risk assessment; third, financial products have poor adaptability to farmers' needs, making it difficult to effectively meet differentiated demands; fourth, farmers' digital literacy and capital accumulation lag behind, hindering the penetration of digital financial services; fifth, the imperfect risk-sharing mechanism and lack of collateral weaken financing availability; sixth, regional development is unbalanced, with service gaps in remote areas. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the understanding of the connotation of inclusive finance through multi-dimensional efforts and systematically summarize the experience of financial empowerment for rural revitalization; strengthen the responsibility of financial institutions in supporting agriculture and improve the diversified financial complementation mechanism; innovate green inclusive models to guide resources to rural green industries; build an open digital intelligent financial platform to break information barriers; and improve rural financial infrastructure and systems. Only in this way we can inject inexhaustible momentum into increasing agricultural efficiency, enhancing rural vitality, raising farmers' income, and promoting comprehensive rural revitalization, thereby helping the construction of a strong agricultural country and a strong financial country.

关键词

普惠金融 / 农村金融 / 乡村振兴 / 高质量发展

Key words

inclusive finance / rural finance / rural revitalization / high-quality development

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基金资助

*国家社会科学基金重点项目(23AJY014)