强农惠农富农支持政策的理论逻辑、现实成效与路径优化^*

The Theoretical Logic, Practical Effectiveness and Path Optimization of Policies Supporting Agriculture Strengthening, Farmers Benefiting, and Rural Prosperity

摘要

“三农”问题是关系经济社会发展全局的根本性问题。21世纪初以来，党中央立足“三农”发展实际，相继出台了一系列强农惠农富农政策。这些政策以中央财政投入为核心保障，逐步形成“中央统筹、省级细化、县级落实”的多层次政策体系，为农业农村发展提供了坚实支撑。同时，通过“大专项+任务清单”管理模式，结合全过程预算绩效管理机制，推动财政支农资金的规范化、精准化落地。尽管强农惠农富农政策实施取得了显著成效，但部分政策在执行过程中仍暴露出诸多短板，如资金使用效率偏低、过程监管不足等，制约政策效能的充分发挥。为落实党的二十届四中全会关于“提高强农惠农富农政策效能”的部署，建议采取进一步健全财政支持体系、强化全过程管理、提升政策效能等措施，为农业农村高质量发展注入强劲动力。

Abstract

The "three rural issues" (agriculture, rural areas and farmers) constitutes a fundamental problem bearing on the overall economic and social development. Since the early 21st century, the CPC Central Committee, based on the realities of agricultural development, has successively introduced a series of policies aimed at strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural residents. These policies, with central government financial investment as the core guarantee, have gradually built a multi-level policy system of "central coordination, provincial refinement, and county-level implementation", providing solid support for agricultural and rural development. Concurrently, through the adoption of a "major projects plus task list" management model, coupled with a full-cycle budget performance management mechanism, the standardized and precision-oriented implementation of agricultural fiscal funds has been advanced. Although the implementation of these policies has achieved significant results, some shortcomings have still been exposed in their execution, such as low efficiency in fund utilization and insufficient process supervision, hindering the full realization of policy effectiveness. To implement the deployment of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee on "improving the effectiveness of policies for strengthening agriculture, benefiting farmers, and enriching rural residents", it is proposed to promote policy optimization and upgrading from three dimensions: refining the fiscal support system, intensifying full-cycle management and enhancing policy effectiveness, injecting strong impetus into the high-quality development of agriculture and rural areas.

关键词

强农惠农富农政策 / 中央财政 / 大专项+任务清单 / 理论逻辑

Key words

policies supporting agriculture strengthening, farmers benefiting, and rural prosperity / central government finance / large-scale special projects plus task list / theoretical logic

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基金资助

*研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“2035年我国多层次多支柱养老保险体系发展目标与现实路径研究”(23ZDA100)