数字经济赋能乡村振兴的效应与机制研究^*

Research on the Effect and Mechanism of Digital Economy Empowering Rural Revitalization

摘要

数字经济作为乡村振兴的新引擎，通过释放数据要素的生产潜力，为乡村全面振兴注入了强劲动力。文章基于2012-2022年中国省级面板数据，运用熵权法评估数字经济与乡村振兴水平，并采用固定效应模型、机制路径检验及空间杜宾模型，深入探讨数字经济对乡村振兴的影响及其作用机制。研究表明：从整体看，数字经济能显著驱动乡村振兴，在考虑内生性和稳健性后依然成立；从机制看，产业结构高度化与农户创业活跃度是数字经济影响乡村振兴的重要途径；从区域看，数字经济对东部地区乡村振兴的红利大于中西部地区，对粮食主销区、粮食主产区的红利大于粮食产销平衡区；从空间看，数字经济对乡村振兴具有空间溢出效应，能促进毗邻地区协同发展。因此，应强化数字基础设施建设，优化产业结构升级路径，完善创业扶持政策，构建区域协同机制，加强数字人才培养与数据治理，助力乡村振兴。

Abstract

The digital economy, serving as a new engine for rural revitalization, unleashes the productive potential of data as a key factor, injecting robust momentum into the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Drawing on provincial-level panel data from China between 2012 and 2022, this study employs the entropy weight method to assess the relationship between the digital economy and rural revitalization. Utilizing fixed-effects models, mechanism path tests, and spatial durbin models, the research delves into the impact of the digital economy on rural revitalization and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal: overall, the digital economy significantly drives rural revitalization, with this relationship remaining robust after accounting for endogeneity and robustness. Mechanistically, the upgrading of industrial structure and increased entrepreneurial activity among farmers serve as key pathways through which the digital economy influences rural revitalization. Regionally, the digital economy yields greater benefits for rural revitalization in eastern regions than in central and western regions, and provides more advantages for major grain-consuming areas and major grain-producing areas than for grain-producing and grain-consuming balanced regions. Spatially, the digital economy exhibits spillover effects that promote coordinated development in adjacent regions. Consequently, the study proposes strategies to enhance rural revitalization, includes strengthening digital infrastructure development, optimizing industrial upgrading pathways, refining entrepreneurial support policies, establishing regional coordination mechanisms, and intensifying digital talent cultivation and data governance.

关键词

数字经济 / 乡村振兴 / 产业结构高度化 / 农户创业活跃度

Key words

digital economy / rural revitalization / heightened industrial structure / entrepreneurial activity liveness of farmers

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基金资助

*国家自然科学基金项目(72373036)

国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(22FJYB050)