数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响研究^*

Study on Effect of Digital Inequality on Economic Resilience of Rural Household

摘要

随着数字技术不断进入乡村，农户间的数字不平等现象越来越突出。基于此从数字接入、信息获取、学习发展和娱乐互动四个维度阐述了数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响路径，并利用2014、2016和2018年中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）数据，构建固定效应模型进行实证检验。研究结果表明：数字不平等显著降低了农户经济韧性，通过工具变量法检验内生性和更换阈值、缩尾处理后，结果依然稳健；分维度结果显示，数字接入不平等、信息获取不平等和娱乐互动不平等对农户经济韧性的负向影响显著，而学习发展不平等的影响微弱；异质性分析表明，东部与西部地区的数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响更大，中部地区的影响则不显著。因此，应当加快完善农村信息基础设施，繁荣发展乡村网络文化，开展乡村数字素养教育，不断消除农户间的数字不平等，增强农户经济韧性。

Abstract

As digital technologies continue to permeate rural areas, the issue of digital inequality among households has become increasingly prominent. This paper expounds upon the pathways through which digital inequality affects the economic resilience of rural households from four perspectives: digital access, information acquisition, learning development, and entertainment interaction. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) for the years 2014, 2016, and 2018, a fixed-effects model is constructed for empirical analysis. The research findings suggest that digital inequality significantly reduces the economic resilience of rural households. This result remains robust even after addressing endogeneity through instrumental variable methods, employing threshold replacement, and trimming methods. Results based on different dimensions indicate that digital access inequality, information acquisition inequality, and entertainment interaction inequality all have significant negative impacts on rural household economic resilience, while the impact of learning development inequality is weak. Heterogeneity analysis demonstrates that the impact of digital inequality on rural household economic resilience is more pronounced in Eastern and Western regions, but insignificant in Central regions. Therefore, it is crucial to expedite the improvement of rural information infrastructure, promote the growth of rural online culture, initroduce digital literacy education in rural areas, consisently mitigate digital inequality among households, and enhance rural household economic resilience.

关键词

数字不平等 / 农户经济韧性 / 中国家庭追踪调查

Key words

digital inequality / rural household economic resilience / CFPS

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基金资助

*国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CGL029)