智慧农业的国际实践与中国农业现代化发展^*

International Practices in Smart Agriculture and the Development of China's Agricultural Modernization

摘要

智慧农业是发展现代农业的重要着力点，是建设农业强国的战略制高点。我国农业发展正向以物联网、云计算、大数据等新一代信息技术为代表的智慧农业时代迈进。而许多国家也正在加快布局智慧农业，在农业生产、农业管理、农业服务等环节开展丰富的智慧化实践活动，以美国、以色列和日本为代表的国家形成了各具特色的智慧农业发展模式，以先进技术推动农业产业发生革命性变化，为我国发展智慧农业、推进农业现代化提供了典型实践范式。因此，建议立足于我国的农业基础条件与现代化发展的独有特点，结合国外先进经验，从技术创新、发展模式、服务体系、人才支撑、基础设施五个方面促进智慧农业发展，进而推进农业现代化建设和农业高质量发展，助力农业强国建设与乡村全面振兴。

Abstract

Smart agriculture is an important focus of developing modern agriculture and a strategic commanding height for building a strong agricultural country. China's agricultural development is advancing into the era of smart agriculture, represented by new-generation information technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing and big data. Globally, numerous nations are accelerating the deployment of smart agriculture, implementing comprehensive smart applications across agricultural production, management, and service domains. Representative countries including the United States, Israel, and Japan have developed distinctive smart agriculture models characterized by technological specialization. These pioneering practices are driving revolutionary transformations in agricultural industries through advanced technological integration, thereby establishing exemplary paradigms for China's pursuit of smart agriculture development and agricultural modernization advancement. Therefore, based on China's basic conditions of agriculture and the unique characteristics of modernization and development, combined with the advanced experience of foreign countries. It is suggested that to promote the development of smart agriculture in five aspects: technological innovation, development mode, service system, infrastructure, talent support, thereby promoting the construction of agricultural modernization and high-quality development of agriculture, and to help the construction of a strong agricultural country and comprehensive rural revitalization.

关键词

智慧农业 / 农业强国 / 农业现代化 / 农业全产业链

Key words

smart agriculture / strong agricultural country / agricultural modernization / agricultural industrial chain

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基金资助

*教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(23JHQ092)

湖北省教育科学规划重点课题(2024GA146)