算法嵌入数字平台何以促进乡村治理效能提升^*——基于南京市浦口区“数字乡村综合治理平台”的案例分析

How Can Algorithms Embedded in Digital Platforms Promoting the Improvement of Rural Governance Efficiency? --A Case Study Based on the "Digital Rural Comprehensive Governance Platform" in Pukou District, Nanjing

摘要

推进乡村治理数字化变革是乡村治理现代化的内在要求。算法在乡村数字治理中发挥着基础性作用，影响着乡村数字治理效能。研究通过对南京市浦口区的个案探讨，分析算法技术促进乡村治理效能提升的内在机制，揭示算法何以依托感知、决策、执行等三个环节促进治理效能提升。算法平台经由确定的可计算化处理过程形成切实可行的乡村治理派单方案，帮助治理主体形成更敏锐的态势感知能力，使高效协同响应成为可能，以此促进乡村治理效能提升。在此过程中，算法全面嵌入乡土社会，在一定程度上破除传统行政效率低、条块分割等桎梏，优化了乡村公共物品供给模式，提升了乡村治理效能。与此同时，算法赋能也存在制度配套、算法伦理等治理风险，需在制度层面明确数字平台运营与权责机制，建立科学评估体系；在伦理层面公开算法决策流程，健全申诉与反馈机制；从技术层面提升算法可解释性，优化平台数据采集手段。

Abstract

Promoting the digital transformation of rural governance is an intrinsic requirement for the modernization of rural governance. Algorithms play a fundamental role in rural digital governance and affect the effectiveness of rural digital governance. Through the case study of Pukou District of Nanjing, this paper analyzes the internal mechanism of algorithm technology to promote the improvement of rural governance efficiency, and reveals that algorithms rely on three links of perception, decision-making, and execution to promote the improvement of governance efficiency. The algorithm platform forms a feasible rural governance dispatch plan through the determined computable processing process, which helps the governance subject form a sharper situational awareness and makes it possible to promote the efficient collaborative response ability of rural governance, so as to promote the improvement of rural governance efficiency. In this process, the algorithm is fully embedded in the rural society, which breaks the shackles of low administrative efficiency and segmentation of traditional administrative areas to a certain extent, optimizes the supply mode of rural public goods, and greatly improves the efficiency of rural governance. At the same time, there are also governance risks such as institutional support and algorithm ethics in algorithm empowerment. In order to promote the improvement of township governance efficiency more efficiently, it is necessary to clarify the operation and rights and responsibilities mechanism of digital platforms at the institutional level, and establish a scientific evaluation system. At the ethical level, the algorithm decision-making process is made public, and a platform appeal channel is established. At the technical level, the interpretability of the algorithm is improved, and the data collection method of the platform is optimized.

关键词

算法技术 / 数字乡村 / 治理效能 / 内在机制 / 治理风险

Key words

algorithm technology / digital villages / governance effectiveness / intrinsic mechanisms / governance risk

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基金资助

*国家社会科学基金重大项目(20ZDA023)

江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2023SJZD016)

江苏省社会科学基金重点项目(24JZA-009)