数字能力对农户家庭发展韧性的影响^*

The Impact of Digital Capability on the Development Resilience of Rural Households

摘要

在数字乡村建设的大背景下，农户数字能力的提升对拓宽农户增收渠道、增强农户内生发展动力具有重要意义。利用中国家庭金融调查（CHFS）数据，深入考察了数字能力在农户家庭发展韧性中发挥的作用及其内在作用机制。研究发现：数字能力有效提高了农户家庭发展韧性，在充分考虑潜在的内生性问题并经一系列稳健性检验后，结论依旧稳健有效。进一步分析表明：数字能力对西部地区、人均收入水平较高、传统人力资本较低、中青年家庭等特征的农户家庭发展韧性增强效果更好。数字能力主要通过鼓励农户创业、深化农户参与金融市场的程度两个路径增强农户家庭发展韧性。建议加快推动数字乡村建设，健全农户数字能力培育机制，鼓励农户创业并营造良好的创业环境，推动农户积极参与金融市场，充分发挥数字能力对农户家庭发展韧性的促进作用。

Abstract

In the context of digital rural construction, enhancing the digital capabilities of farmers is crucial in expanding their income sources and enhancing their intrinsic motivation for development. Using data from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS), this study investigates in depth the role and underlying mechanisms of digital capabilities in the resilience of rural household development. The research reveals that digital capabilities effectively improve the resilience of rural household development. After fully considering potential endogeneity issues and conducting a series of robustness tests, the conclusion remains robust and effective. Further analysis indicates that digital capabilities have a better effect on enhancing the development resilience of rural households with characteristics such as high per capital income, low traditional human capital, and middle-aged and young families in the western region. Digital capabilities mainly enhance the resilience of rural household development through two paths: encouraging farmers to start businesses and increasing their involvement in the financial market. It is recommended to expedite the entablishment of digital rural areas, improve the mechanism for cultivating digital capabilities of farmers, encourage farmers to start businesses and cultivate a favorable entrepreneurial environment, encourage active participation in the financial market, and fully exert the role of digital capabilities in promoting the resilience of rural household development.

关键词

数字能力 / 农户家庭发展韧性 / 农户创业 / 金融市场参与

Key words

digital capability / rural household development resilience / rural entrepreneurship / financial market participation

参考文献

[1] 徐娟. 数字时代基于数字能力提升的权利实现进路研究[J]. 山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2024(2): 155-165.

[2] 石琳娜, 陈劲. 数字经济推动实现共同富裕的机理与路径研究[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2023, 40(21): 1-11.

[3] 鲁元平, 王军鹏. 数字鸿沟还是信息福——互联网使用对居民主观福利的影响[J]. 经济学动态, 2020(2): 59-73.

[4] 王晶, 吕新业, 吕开宇. 数字金融使用对农户生计多样化的影响研究[J]. 农村经济, 2021(8): 62-71.

[5] 王园园, 冯祥玉. 数字经济、人口红利与共同富裕[J]. 山西财经大学学报, 2023, 45(6): 1-13.

[6] 吴雄周. 农户韧性能力促进高质量防贫的内在机制和实现路径[J]. 求索, 2021(4): 117-124.

[7] 王伟新, 殷徐康, 苗苗. 家庭韧性何以影响农业转移人口市民化意愿[J]. 农林经济管理学报, 2023, 22(5): 592-601.

[8] 李晗, 陆迁. 精准扶贫与贫困家庭复原——基于CHFS微观数据的分析[J]. 中国农村观察, 2021(2): 28-41.

[9] 李晗, 陆迁. 无条件现金转移支付与家庭发展韧——来自中国低保政策的经验证据[J]. 中国农村经济, 2022(10): 82-101.

[10] 贾男, 王赫. 脱贫农户返贫风险防范政策研究[J]. 经济研究, 2022, 57(10): 121-137.

[11] 邹新阳, 霍心如. 数字金融对农村家庭经济韧性的影——基于CHFS的微观数据[J]. 农村金融研究, 2023(7): 65-80.

[12] 田杰, 廖露, 王淑敏. 普惠金融对农户家庭经济韧性的影响研究[J]. 西南大学学报(社会科学版), 2024, 50(1): 132-143.

[13] 安同良, 杨晨. 互联网重塑中国经济地理格局: 微观机制与宏观效应[J]. 经济研究, 2020, 55(2): 4-19.

[14] 鲁元平, 王军鹏. 数字鸿沟还是信息福——互联网使用对居民主观福利的影响[J]. 经济学动态, 2020(2): 59-73.

[15] 曾亿武, 宋逸香, 林夏珍, 等. 中国数字乡村建设若干问题刍议[J]. 中国农村经济, 2021(4): 21-35.

[16] 马丽, 杨艳梅. 农民数字素养赋能乡村振兴的理论机制与路径研究[J]. 农业经济与管理, 2022(6): 46-54.

[17] 谭燕芝, 叶程芳. 农户创业与农村家庭贫困脆弱性[J]. 湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2020, 44(1): 67-73.

[18] 焦晓波, 关璞. 创业型经济的发展和中国农民创业问题理论研究动态[J]. 经济体制改革, 2012(1): 29-33.

[19] 李晓静, 陈哲, 夏显力. 数字素养对农户创业行为的影——基于空间杜宾模型的分析[J]. 中南财经政法大学学报, 2022(1): 123-134.

[20] 王小华, 刘云, 宋檬. 数字能力与家庭风险金融资产配置[J]. 中国农村经济, 2023(11): 102-121.

[21] 田杰, 谭秋云, 谢升峰. 数字金融促进家庭农场生存发展的实证研——基于33 402个家庭农场的微观证据[J]. 农村金融研究, 2022(8): 48-60.

[22] 陈梦根, 周元任. 数字不平等研究新进展[J]. 经济学动态, 2022(4): 123-139.

[23] 尹志超, 宋全云, 吴雨, 等. 金融知识、创业决策和创业动机[J]. 管理世界, 2015(1): 87-98.

[24] 尹志超, 张栋浩. 金融普惠、家庭贫困及脆弱性[J]. 经济学(季刊), 2020, 20(5): 153-172.

[25] Cissé J D, Barrett C B. Estimating development resilience: A conditional moments-based approach[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2018, 135(4): 272-284.

[26] Dag L. Empowerment in social work: An individual vs. a relational perspective International[J]. Journal of Social Welfare, 2007(2): 3-11.

[27] Dewan S, Riggins F J. The digital divide: Current and future research directions[J]. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2005, 6(12): 298-337.

[28] Eshet Y. Digital literacy: A conceptual framework for survival skills in the digital era[J]. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 2004, 13(1): 93-106.

[29] Hasan M, Le T, Hoque A. How does financial literacy impact on inclusive finance?[J]. Financial Innovation, 2021, 7(1): 1-23.

[30] Hawley D R, DeHaan L. Toward a Definition of Family Resilience: Integrating life-span and family perspectives[J]. Family Process, 1996, 35(3): 283-298.

[31] He K, Li F, Wang H, et al. A low-carbon future for China's tech industry[J]. Science, 2022, 377(6614): 1498-1499.

[32] Oggero N, Rossi M C, Ughetto E. Entrepreneurial spirits in women and men. The role of financial literacy and digital skills[J]. Small Business Economics, 2010, 55(2): 313-327.

[33] Phadera L, Michelson H, Winter-Nelson A, et al. Do asset transfers build household resilience?[J]. Journal of Development Economics, 2019, 138(1): 205-227.

[34] Scheerder A, Van Deursen A, Van Dijk J. Determinants of Internet skills, uses and outcomes. A systematic review of the second-and third-level digital divide[J]. Telematics and Informatics, 2017, 34(8): 1607-1624.

[35] Van Deursen A J, Van Dijk J A. Using the Internet: Skill related problems in users' online behavior[J]. Interacting with Computers, 2009, 21(5-6): 393-402.

[36] Van Dijk J. The deepening divide: Inequality in the information society[M]. California: Sage Publications, 2005.

基金资助

*国家社会科学基金项目(21BJY088)