技术培训如何影响农户保护性耕作技术采纳*
How Dose Technical Training Affect Farmers' Adoption of Conservation Tillage Technology
保护性耕作技术采纳率低下已成为制约中国耕地可持续发展的重要因素,技术培训可能影响农户的保护性耕作技术采纳行为。基于黑豫鲁晋4省农户调研数据,采用Heckman两阶段模型、中介效应模型和调节效应模型,实证分析技术培训对农户保护性耕作技术采纳行为的影响及其作用机制。结果表明:第一,技术培训会显著促进农户采纳保护性耕作技术,但对其技术采纳程度具有明显的抑制作用。同时,技术培训对年轻农户、经营集中型农户保护性耕作技术采纳的促进作用更强。第二,技术培训通过提高农户的技术认知和经济认知进而促进其保护性耕作技术采纳,且在“采纳与否”和“采纳程度”两阶段呈现出明显差异,而生态认知的中介效应不显著。第三,土地确权颁证在“技术培训-农户认知-技术采纳”的传导路径中发挥显著正向调节效应。因此,应持续加大政府培训力度,不断提升农户的认知水平以及强化土地确权的积极作用,从而促进保护性耕作技术的推广和应用。
The low adoption rate of conservation tillage technology has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of China's land, and technical training may affect farmers' decision to adopt conservation tillage technology. Based on the survey data of farmers in the four provinces of Heilongjiang Province, Henan Province, Shandong Province and Shanxi Province, using Heckman two-stage model, mediation effect model and moderating effect model, the impact of technical training on farmers' adoption of conservation tillage technology and its mechanism were analyzed. The research results showed as the followings: technical training would significantly promote farmers' adoption of conservation tillage technology, but it had a significant inhibitory effect on the degree of technology. Meanwhile, technical training had a stronger promoting effect on the adoption of conservation tillage technology by young farmers and farmers with concentrated operation. Technical training promoted the adoption of conservation tillage technology by enhancing farmers' technological cognition and economic cognition, and there were obvious differences in the two-stage process of "whether to adopt or not" and "the degree of adoption", but the mediating effect of ecological cognition was not significant. The study further found that land title confirmation had a significant positive moderating effect on the path of "technical training-farmers' cognition-conservation tillage technology adoption". Based on this conclusion, it was necessary to continuously enhance the government's training efforts, constantly improve farmers' cognition and strengthen the positive role of land title constantly, so as to promote the popularization and application of conservation tillage technology.
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*国家社会科学基金项目(21BJY249)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(25DGLJ27)
2023年度海南省高等学校科学研究重点项目(Hnky2023ZD-15)
2025年海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(YB)25-33)
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