1.Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province for Composite Structural Analysis of Aerocraft and Simulation,Shenyang;Aerospace University,Shenyang 110136,China
2.State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China
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文章历史+
Received
Accepted
Published
2025-03-28
2025-05-14
2026-06-25
Issue Date
2026-08-25
PDF (1567K)
摘要
针对填充结构拓扑优化问题,对比研究了连续与离散变量设计方法的性能差异。基于局部体积约束,构建了基于最优准则的固体各向同性材料惩罚模型(solid isotropic material with penalization,SIMP)连续变量优化模型和基于正则松弛算法的序列近似整数规划(sequential approximate integer programming,SAIP)离散变量优化模型。首先,通过理论推导介绍了两类方法应用于填充结构拓扑优化的基本列式。然后,利用数值算例从优化结果的性能、结构拓扑设计的清晰程度和计算效率三方面开展对比研究。最后,通过引入相同初始化策略、移动限制策略与收敛准则,消除算法外因干扰。结果表明,基于SIMP法的优化耗时约为基于SAIP法的50%,但其生成的拓扑设计结构边界存在灰度区域;SAIP法能够获得边界清晰、结构形态更优的拓扑设计,其优化结果目标函数值降低了4.2%。研究结果为填充结构拓扑设计优化提供了理论参考和依据。
Abstract
The performance differences between continuous and discrete variable design methods for topology optimization of infill structures were investigated. Based on local volume constraints, two optimization models were established: a continuous variable model using the SIMP method with the optimality criterion and a discrete variable model using the SAIP method with the canonical relaxation algorithm. Firstly, the fundamental formulations of these methods for topology optimization of infill structures were derived theoretically. Subsequently, numerical examples were utilized to conduct comparative studies from three aspects: optimization performance, clarity of structural topology design, and computational efficiency. Finally,by implementing identical initialization strategies, move limit strategies, and convergence criteria, the external interference in the algorithm was eliminated. The results demonstrate that the optimization time using the SIMP method is approximately 50% of that using the SAIP method; however, the topological designs generated by SIMP exhibit grayscale regions at structural boundaries. In contrast, the SAIP method yields topological designs with clearer boundaries and superior structural configurations, achieving about a 4% reduction in the objective function value. A theoretical reference and basis for the topology optimization design of infill structures is provided.
随着增材制造技术的飞速发展,复杂多孔结构的制造已成为可能,推动了轻量化与多功能集成设计的快速发展[1-2]。作为实现材料高效分布的先进设计方法,拓扑优化通过与增材制造技术融合,为高性能填充结构设计提供了全新途径。目前较为流行的连续变量方法如变密度SIMP法,通过密度惩罚策略生成拓扑结构,其产生的中间密度会导致结构边界存在模糊,难以满足增材制造对清晰几何轮廓的需求[3-4];而离散变量方法,如SAIP、双向渐进结构优化(bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization,BESO)等,通过正则松弛或渐进优化策略,可直接获得离散化多孔构型,显著提高结构的可制造性[5-7]。近年来,Wu等[8]通过引入邻域体积分数上限控制材料分布,生成了仿骨小梁的多孔结构设计。针对多孔复合结构的跨尺度协同设计,Liu等[9]提出了基于动态聚类的多尺度拓扑优化框架。此外,针对如自支撑条件、最小尺寸限制等增材制造约束,动态体积约束、双场模型投影等技术进一步优化了填充结构的力学性能与工艺兼容性。高彤等[10]针对惯性载荷作用下的结构优化问题,提出了可变参数的材料特性的有理近似模型(rational approximation of material properties,RAMP)。高云凯等[11]针对低周疲劳优化需求,开发了基于疲劳寿命灵敏度的双向渐进结构优化方法。
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