多孢瑟氏腔菌——北半球针叶树重要病原菌研究进展

Research progress on Sydowia polyspora: An important pathogen of conifers in the northern hemisphere

摘要

北半球针叶林是全球森林生态系统的重要组成部分，但受立地条件恶化、有害生物入侵和极端气候等因素影响，正面临不同程度的衰退风险。多孢瑟氏腔菌Sydowia polyspora (Bref.) E. Müll.是一种广谱性病原真菌，主要侵染松属Pinus L.、冷杉属Abies Mill.和云杉属Picea A. Dietrich等松科植物，可致当年生针叶斑枯、枝梢溃疡等症状，严重威胁针叶树健康。该菌引起的病害在北美及欧洲大部分地区普遍发生，近年来中国东北和华北地区也相继有报道。鉴于中国松科植物分布广泛且气候环境复杂，该病原菌的潜在适生区及寄主范围存在被低估的可能。本文系统综述该病菌所致病害症状、寄主范围与地理分布、分类学地位、侵染循环以及防控策略，并对未来的研究方向进行展望，旨在为该病害的早期监测、鉴定及综合防控提供理论参考。

Abstract

Coniferous forests are vital components of ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere but face increasing threats from site degradation，pests，and climate change. Sydowia polyspora (Bref.) E. Müll.，a polyphagous fungal pathogen，poses a significant risk to Pinaceae species，including Pinus L.， Abies Mill .，and Picea A. Dietrich. It primarily causes current-year needle blight and shoot cankers. While the disease is widespread in North America and Europe，it has recently been reported in Northeast and North China. Given the climatic conditions and the extensive distribution of Pinaceae hosts in China，the potential range and host spectrum of S. polyspora may be underestimated. This paper reviews the research history and progress of S. polyspora，covering disease symptoms，host range，geographic distribution，taxonomy，disease cycle，and control strategies. Future research directions are also discussed to provide a theoretical basis for the identification and management of this disease.

关键词

松树病害 / 多孢瑟氏腔菌 / 溃疡病 / 樟子松

Key words

pine diseases / Sydowia polyspora / canker diseases / Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica

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基金资助

“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1401305)