大面积农田土壤中重金属污染的空间分布及生态风险定量快速初步评价
郭洁芸 , 许馨丹 , 万馨媛 , 杨胜杰 , 钟亮 , 李建龙
宁夏大学学报(自然科学版中英文) ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1) : 90 -96.
大面积农田土壤中重金属污染的空间分布及生态风险定量快速初步评价
Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil and Quantitative Assessment of Ecological Risk
为快速、准确获取大面积农田土壤中重金属的质量比,对土壤中Cd、As的污染状况进行评估,基于实测数据和高光谱数据建立相关模型。在江苏省宜兴市徐舍镇采集22个农田土壤样本,测定土壤样本中Cd、As的质量比,并与HJ-1A卫星的HSI高光谱数据相结合,构建土壤中Cd, As质量比的定量估测模型。通过单因子指数、综合污染指数,对徐舍镇农田土壤中Cd、As污染等级进行综合评价。结果表明,在22个农田土壤样本中, 3个样本中Cd的质量比超过国家农田用地土壤污染的风险管控阈值,As的质量比未超过国家标准。单因子污染指数显示,农田土壤中As质量比处于清洁水平;对于Cd污染,有48.62%的农田处于轻度污染等级。综合污染指数显示,有8.73%农田土壤处于轻度污染等级。通过高光谱数据,能够快速估测土壤中重金属的质量比,可有效评估土壤重金属污染程度。
In order to explore the feasibility and accuracy of hyperspectral estimation of soil heavy metal content, to quickly and accurately assess heavy metal content in the farmland soil of the study area, and to evaluate the soil cadmium and arsenic pollution, this research uses measured data and hyperspectral data to develop relevant models. In Xushe Town, Yixing City, 22 farmland soil samples were collected and their Cd and As content were determined. At the same time, combined with HJ1A HSI hyperspectral data, a quantitative estimation model of soil heavy metal content was constructed. A comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal pollution levels in farmland soil in Xushe Town was conducted by calculating the single factor index and Nemeiro comprehensive pollution index. The results showed that the Cd content in 3 out of the 22 farmland soil samples exceeded the national risk control threshold for farmland soil pollution, and the As content did not exceed national standards. The single-factor pollution index indicates that the As content in farmland soil is within the clean range, 48.62% is in the lightly polluted range. The Nemeiro Comprehensive Pollution Index indicates that 8.73% of farmland soil in Xushe Town falls within the lightly polluted range. Our results suggest that, hyperspectral data can rapidly estimate heavy metal content in soil and effectively assess the extent of heavy metal pollution.
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(324B2060)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划基金资助项目(KYCX24-0221)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划基金资助项目(KYCX25-0249)
南京市重点科技专项基金资助项目(043013005001)
科技部重点专项基金资助项目(2018YFD0800201)
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