阿尔茨海默病的药物治疗新进展

Progress in pharmacotherapy for Alzheimer's disease

摘要

近年来，随着以β淀粉样蛋白（β-Amyloid，Aβ）单抗为代表的疾病修饰治疗（disease-modifying therapies，DMT）药物的出现，阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease，AD）的药物治疗进入了一个全新的阶段，目前已经有2种靶向淀粉样蛋白的抗体-阿杜卡单抗和伦卡纳单抗相继上市，在全世界引起了广泛关注；同时非Aβ非tau蛋白治疗靶点的药物研发也取得明显进展。本文拟对AD新型药物的研发和应用，包括临床试验阶段和已获批上市的药物治疗进展进行一全面分析和阐述。

Abstract

In recent years，with the development of disease-modifying therapies（DMT） such as monoclonal antibodies against amyloid-beta protein（Aβ），drug treatment for Alzheimer's disease（AD） has entered a new era. Currently，two antibodies targeting Aβ—aducanumab and lecanemab—have been approved for clinical use，attracting widespread attention worldwide. Meanwhile，remarkable progress has also been made in the development of drugs against non-Aβ and non-tau targets. This review highlights the latest advances in the development and application of drugs for AD that have been clinically approved or in clinical trials.

关键词

阿尔茨海默病 / 药物治疗 / Aβ单克隆抗体 / sigma 受体相关药物

Key words

Alzheimer's disease / pharmacotherapy / anti-amyloid-beta monoclonal antibody / sigma receptor-targeting drug

基金资助

科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大课题资助项目(2021ZD0201804)