赋能教育对先天性食管闭锁患儿术后生存质量的影响

代禄润; 莫霖; 申玉洁; 周雅婷

doi:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003539

重庆医科大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (07) : 877 -883. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003539

临床研究

赋能教育对先天性食管闭锁患儿术后生存质量的影响

代禄润 ¹ ,
莫霖 ² ,
申玉洁 ¹ ,
周雅婷 ¹

作者信息 +

Effects of empowerment education on postoperative quality of life in children with congenital esophageal atresia

Lurun Dai ¹ ,
Lin Mo ² ,
Yujie Shen ¹ ,
Yating Zhou ¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

目的探讨赋能教育对先天性食管闭锁患儿术后生存质量的影响。方法开展平行对照试验，动态纳入2020年3月至2023年2月于本院就诊的86例先天性食管闭锁患儿为研究对象，按照入组先后顺序分为对照组（n=42）和试验组（n=44）。对照组接受常规健康宣教，试验组在对照组基础上对患儿家长实施赋能教育，干预期为3个月。比较2组干预前后生存质量、生长发育、术后并发症发生情况以及家长疾病知识掌握度和护理满意度。结果干预后，试验组生存质量总分高于干预前［87.50（79.32，97.22） vs. 78.17（75.00，88.54）］，在生理、心理情感、社会交往和学校角色领域得分均高于干预前，均P<0.05；与对照组相比，试验组生存质量总分高于对照组［87.50（79.32，97.22） vs. 79.76（71.88，89.29）］，在生理、心理情感、社会交往领域得分均高于对照组，均P<0.05。干预后，试验组体质指数［15.70（15.08，16.48）］优于干预前的［15.05（14.35，16.00）］和对照组的［14.85（13.60，16.00）］，均P<0.05。结论赋能教育能有效提高先天性食管闭锁患儿术后生存质量，降低呼吸困难的发生率以及吞咽困难和呛咳的发生频率，缓解术后并发症带给患儿的不适感受，提升患儿术后体质指数，提高家长疾病知识掌握度和护理满意度。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of empowerment education on postoperative quality of life in children with congenital esophageal atresia. Methods Using a parallel-controlled design，we dynamically enrolled 86 children with congenital esophageal atresia who visited the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from March 2020 to February 2023. They were assigned into control group（n=42） and experimental group（n=44） according to the order of enrollment. The control group received conventional health education，while for the experimental group，in addition to the conventional intervention，empowerment education was administered to the parents of the children，for a period of 3 months. The two groups were compared in terms of quality of life before and after intervention，growth and development，postoperative complications，and parents’ knowledge of the disease and satisfaction with nursing care. Results After intervention，the experimental group showed a significantly higher total score of quality of life［87.50（79.32，97.22）vs.78.17（75.00，88.54）］ and significantly higher scores in the physical domain，psycho-emotional domain，social interaction，and school roles（all P<0.05）；and compared with the control group，the experimental group also had a significantly higher total score of quality of life［87.50（79.32，97.22）vs.79.76（71.88，89.29）］ as well as significantly higher scores in the physical，psycho-emotional，and social interaction domains（all P<0.05）. After the intervention，the body mass index of the experimental group was ［15.70（15.08，16.48）］，which was significantly better than the pre-intervention level［15.05（14.35，16.00）］ and that of the control group［14.85（13.60，16.00）；bothP<0.05］. The experimental group had significantly less frequent dyspnea（22.73% vs. 42.86%） and dysphagia and bucking as well as a significantly higher level of disease knowledge and degree of satisfaction with nursing care compared with the control group（all P<0.05）. Conclusion Empowerment education can effectively improve the postoperative quality of life of children with congenital esophageal atresia； reduce the incidence of dyspnea，dysphagia，and bucking； alleviate the discomfort caused by postoperative complications； increase the body mass index after surgery； and improve parents’ disease knowledge and satisfaction with care.