不同强度有氧运动对自发性高血压大鼠肾脏影响的研究

何龙林; 曹书源; 汪洋; 常青

doi:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003546

重庆医科大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (07) : 830 -837. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003546

基础研究

不同强度有氧运动对自发性高血压大鼠肾脏影响的研究

何龙林 ¹ ,
曹书源 ¹ ,
汪洋 ² ,
常青 ³

作者信息 +

Effects of different intensities of aerobic exercise on the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats

Author information +

文章历史 +

PDF (1994K)

摘要

目的研究有氧运动对自发性高血压大鼠（spontaneously hypertensive rats，SHR）肾脏内细胞焦亡相关蛋白表达的影响，探讨有氧运动对自发性高血压大鼠肾损害的作用。方法 8周龄雄性SHR和Wistar京都大鼠（wistar-kyoto rat，WKY），随机分为4组（n=6）：安静组（WKY）、高血压安静组（SHR-N）、低强度有氧运动组（SHR-L）、中强度有氧运动组（SHR-M）。SHR-L组和SHR-M组分别在0°坡度的运动跑步机上以12~14 m/min和18~20 m/min进行有氧运动，每周5次，每次60 min，WKY和SHR-N安静饲养。10周后，训练结束72 h后检测血压。检测血清肌酐（creatinine，Cr）、尿素氮（urea nitrogen，BUN）。Masson染色观测肾脏病理学改变，并将肾脏功能指标（index of renal function，RFI）作为肾功能损伤指标。测定大鼠肾组织中核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3（NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3，NLRP3）、含半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶1（cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase，Caspase-1）、cleaved-Caspase-1、Toll样受体4（Toll Like Receptor 4，TLR4）、IL-1β、IL-18、Gasdermin D、GSDMDC1等蛋白表达。检测血清中IL-1β和IL-18表达。结果与WKY相比，SHR-N血压、血清Cr、BUN含量、RFI比值、NLRP3、Caspase-1、TLR4、IL-1β、IL-18、GSDMD、GSDMDC1蛋白、血清中IL-1β和IL-18表达升高；与SHR-N相比，SHR-M血压、血清Cr、BUN含量、RFI比值以及NLRP3、Caspase-1、TLR4、IL-1β、IL-18、GSDMD、GSDMDC1蛋白表达下降明显，而SHR-L组下降趋势不明显。结论有氧运动强度差异与自发性高血压大鼠肾脏NLRP3炎症小体表达、血压以及肾功能损害均具有统计学意义。与低强度有氧运动相比，中强度有氧运动通过TLR4/NLRP3信号通路改善自发性高血压大鼠肾功能损害更明显。

Abstract

Objective To study the effects of aerobic exercise on the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats（SHRs），and to explore the effects of aerobic exercise for hypertensive renal damage in SHRs. Methods Eight-week-old male SHRs and Wistar Kyoto rats（WKYs） were randomly divided into four groups（n=6 in each group）： control group（WKY），non-exercise hypertension group（SHR-N），low-intensity aerobic exercise hypertension group（SHR-L），and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise hypertension group（SHR-M）. The rats in the SHR-L and SHR-M groups were subjected to running on a sports treadmill at a slope of 0° at 12-14 m/min and 18-20 m/min for 60 min，respectively，for 5 times per week. The WKY and SHR-N groups had no exercise intervention. After 10 weeks，72 hours after exercise，we measured the blood pressure of rats；measured serum creatinine（Cr），urea nitrogen（BUN），interleukin（IL）-1β，and IL-18；observed the pathological changes in the kidney with Masson staining，and calculated the renal function index（RFI） to reflect the severity of renal function impairment；and measured the protein expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3（NLRP3），cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase 1（caspase-1），cleaved caspase-1，toll-like receptor 4（TLR4），IL-1β，IL-18，gasdermin D（GSDMD），and GSDMDC1 in the renal tissue of rats. Results Compared with the WKY group，the SHR-N group showed significant increases in blood pressure，serum Cr，BUN，IL-1β，and IL-18 levels，and RFI，as well as the expression of NLRP3，caspase-1，TLR4，IL-1β，IL-18，GSDMD，and GSDMDC1 in the kidney. Compared with the SHR-N group，the SHR-M group showed significantly decreased blood pressure，serum Cr and BUN，and RFI，as well as NLRP3，caspase-1，TLR4，IL-1β，IL-18，GSDMD，and GSDMDC1，while the SHR-L group had no significant reductions. Conclusion Different intensities of aerobic exercise produce varying degrees of effects on renal NLRP3 inflammasome expression，blood pressure，and renal function in SHRs. Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise is superior to low-intensity aerobic exercise in improving renal function in SHRs through the TLR4/NLRP3 signaling pathway.