内质网应激与疾病的关系研究进展

Advances in the association between endoplasmic reticulum stress and human diseases

摘要

内质网（endoplasmic reticulum，ER）是真核细胞的重要细胞器，负责绝大多数蛋白质的合成、加工及转运。为维持正常生理功能，细胞内质网对各种诱发因素极为敏感，通过激活自身应激状态缓解内质网压力以恢复稳态，持续或严重的内质网应激（endoplasmic reticulum stress，ERS）状态则促进细胞走向凋亡。目前发现ERS介导的细胞凋亡与疾病发生密切相关，本文将ERS相关信号通路、ERS与疾病的关系研究进展作一综述，为探索其参与疾病发生的机理、靶向干预ERS在疾病治疗中的作用提供新思路。

Abstract

Endoplasmic reticulum is an important organelle of eukaryotic cells and is responsible for the synthesis，processing，and transportation of most proteins. In order to maintain the normal physiological function，endoplasmic reticulum is extremely sensitive to various predisposing factors and is restored to homeostasis by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress（ERS） to alleviate endoplasmic reticulum pressure，but persistent or severe ERS can promote cell apoptosis. Current studies have shown that ERS-mediated cell apoptosis is closely associated with the development of diseases. This article reviews the research advances in the association between ERS and diseases，in order to provide new ideas for exploring the mechanism and targeted intervention of ERS in diseases.

关键词

内质网应激 / 肌醇需求酶1 / 蛋白激酶R样内质网激酶 / 转录激活因子6 / 机制

Key words

endoplasmic reticulum stress / inositol-requiring enzyme 1 / protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase / activating transcription factor 6 / mechanism

基金资助

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFC2701503)

四川省卫生健康委员会普及应用项目资助项目(21PJ053)