乙肝病毒核酸检测方法研究进展

李亚兰; 马圆艳; 汪德强; 蔡雪飞

doi:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003654

重庆医科大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (02) : 152 -157. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.003654

综述

乙肝病毒核酸检测方法研究进展

李亚兰 ¹ ,
马圆艳 ² ,
汪德强 ¹ ,
蔡雪飞 ¹

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Advances in nucleic acid detection methods for hepatitis B virus

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摘要

乙型肝炎病毒感染是一个重大公共卫生问题，为了避免发展成为肝硬化、肝功能衰竭和肝细胞癌，患者通常需要长期服药治疗，检测血清中乙肝病毒核酸的动态变化水平可以作为临床安全停药的重要指标。对于乙肝患者的“精准治疗”，提高乙肝病毒核酸检测的特异度和灵敏度以及对结果的科学解读都十分重要。本文简要对目前已有检测方法的运用场景及其优缺点进行总结，为将来在临床中针对不同情况选择不同方法提供参考。

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem.To avoid the development of liver cirrhosis，liver failure，and hepatocellular carcinoma，patients usually need long-term drug treatment. The dynamic change in serum hepatitis B virus nucleic acid levels can be used as an important indicator of safe drug withdrawal in clinical practice. For the precise treatment of hepatitis B，it is very important to improve the specificity and sensitivity of hepatitis B virus nucleic acid detection methods and the scientific interpretation of the results. This paper summarizes the application scenarios of existing detection methods and their advantages and disadvantages，aiming to provide a reference for method selection according to clinical situation in the future.