PDGF/PDGFR信号在免疫与肥胖相关胰岛炎症中的作用

王瑞 ,  连珈艺 ,  魏皓月 ,  张辰达 ,  黄延芹

重庆医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (08) : 1127 -1133.

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重庆医科大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (08) : 1127 -1133. DOI: 10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004128
内分泌调控与代谢疾病——糖尿病早期防治

PDGF/PDGFR信号在免疫与肥胖相关胰岛炎症中的作用

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Role of platelet-derived growth factor/platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling in immune- and obesity-associated pancreatic islet inflammation

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摘要

肥胖与全身性低度组织炎症有关,炎症可累及脂肪组织和胰岛等多个器官,并以巨噬细胞的浸润为特征。胰岛局部组织信号可能在肥胖相关的β细胞改变中起关键作用,肥胖状态下胰岛炎症的诱发机制尚不明确。血小板衍生生长因子(platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF)是血管生成的关键因子,其与受体(platelet-derived growth factor receptor,PDGFR)结合后的信号轴能影响组织血管重塑、参与脂肪组织扩张。胰岛β细胞中PDGF和PDGFR的共表达在其增殖过程起重要作用。本文综述近年来PDGF/PDGFR信号在免疫与肥胖相关胰岛炎症领域的研究进展,阐述PDGF/PDGFR信号及肥胖所致胰岛炎症的特征,和二者间联系的相关机制,以期为代谢性炎症的防治及深入研究提供参考。

Abstract

Obesity is associated with systemic low-grade tissue inflammation,which manifests in multiple organs including adipose tissue and pancreatic islets and is characterized by the infiltration of macrophages. Local tissue signaling in pancreatic islets may play a key role in obesity-associated β-cell alterations,and studies are conducted to explore the mechanisms that induce islet inflammation in the state of obesity. Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF) is a key factor in angiogenesis,and the signaling axis after the binding of PDGF to platelet-derived growth factor receptor(PDGFR) can influence the remodeling process of tissue angiogenesis and participate in adipose tissue expansion. The co-expression of PDGF and PDGFR in pancreatic islet β-cells plays an important role in their proliferation. This article reviews the research advances in PDGF/PDGFR signaling in the field of immune- and obesity-associated pancreatic islet inflammation in recent years,including the characteristics of PDGF/PDGFR signaling and obesity-induced pancreatic islet inflammation and related mechanisms of the link between them,in order to provide a reference for the prevention,treatment,and in-depth research of metabolic inflammation.

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关键词

肥胖 / 胰岛炎症 / 血小板衍生生长因子 / 血小板衍生生长因子受体 / 巨噬细胞

Key words

obesity / pancreatic islet inflammation / platelet-derived growth factor / platelet-derived growth factor receptor / macrophage

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王瑞,连珈艺,魏皓月,张辰达,黄延芹. PDGF/PDGFR信号在免疫与肥胖相关胰岛炎症中的作用[J]. 重庆医科大学学报, 2026, 51(08): 1127-1133 DOI:10.13406/j.cnki.cyxb.004128

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过去的10年间,全球各地区的肥胖流行率均呈上升趋势。据世界卫生组织最新统计,现有超过10亿人患有肥胖症,预测到2035年,超过51%(约40亿人)人口将处于肥胖或超重状态[1]。肥胖可诱导多组织出现慢性低度炎症状态[2],研究显示,这些组织也包括胰岛[3]。免疫细胞(例如巨噬细胞)在肥胖相关胰岛β细胞功能障碍中可能发挥重要作用,具体机制尚不明确。血小板衍生生长因子(platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF)是一种血小板依赖性血清因子,是存储于血小板α颗粒中的碱性蛋白质,在脱颗粒时释放。其与血小板衍生生长因子受体(platelet-derived growth factor receptor,PDGFR)信号的激活在多个生理病理过程中均发挥关键作用,包括胚胎发育、细胞分化和组织损伤修复[4]。PDGF/PDGFR信号的正常运作被认为是疾病发生、进展机制的重要决定因素。在肥胖早期,胰岛常驻巨噬细胞可通过PDGF/PDGFR信号传导来促进胰岛β细胞的代偿性增殖。本文旨在阐述PDGF/PDGFR信号的特征及其在肥胖相关胰岛炎症与免疫调节中的作用机制,以期为寻找减轻肥胖病理损伤的关键靶点提供新思路。

1 炎症与免疫调节

免疫反应对于保护机体免受感染和异常变化至关重要。炎症作为先天性免疫的核心环节,是宿主应对有害刺激的适应性反应,可清除病原体并启动组织修复。但慢性低度炎症会导致靶组织或细胞出现病理性改变,包括功能损害、细胞死亡和组织损伤,影响组织稳态。组织炎症的特征是多种免疫细胞在局部病理微环境中聚集和分化[5]。巨噬细胞是协调组织特异性炎症形成和消退的关键细胞,在适应不同组织微环境状态下发挥相应的促炎、抗炎或修复作用。巨噬细胞可以分为2种表型:M1(促炎状态)和M2(抗炎状态)。炎症过程中,巨噬细胞不断调整其表型以适应微环境,并调节免疫介质的释放,如细胞因子、趋化因子和脂质介质。研究表明,炎症启动和加剧的关键机制之一是巨噬细胞从主要抗炎的M2型向促炎M1型的表型转换。M1/M2巨噬细胞比例失衡可促进肥胖和2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)中慢性炎症和代谢功能障碍进展[6]。

2 肥胖相关胰岛炎症

早期炎症是肥胖状态下机体为应对能量失衡及合成代谢压力而产生的积极适应性反应,由过量脂质、循环脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)升高、缺氧和纤维化诱发。持续的炎症反应可累及多个器官并激活先天免疫系统,从而影响代谢平衡,同时通过纤维化和坏死增加导致组织损伤[7]。研究显示肥胖状态下存在胰岛炎症,表现为免疫细胞的浸润以及炎症细胞因子和趋化因子生成增加[3]。在胰腺发育过程中,巨噬细胞对胰岛形态形成至关重要。研究者通过小鼠实验发现,肥胖相关的胰岛炎症主要由巨噬细胞介导,适应性免疫细胞的参与极少[3]。胰岛在稳定状态下拥有2种表型不同的巨噬细胞亚群:F4/80lo CD11c+细胞在胰岛内富集(胰岛内巨噬细胞),而F4/80hi CD11c-巨噬细胞主要分布在胰岛周围区域(胰岛周围巨噬细胞)。二者均维持在极低的周转率[8]。然而,在肥胖状态下,胰岛巨噬细胞的增殖明显增强,脂肪组织巨噬细胞(adipose tissue macrophages,ATMs)也有局部增殖[8]。

巨噬细胞的丰度与炎症细胞因子的增加呈正相关。肥胖状态下,ATMs可发生M2向M1的表型转换,并增加1型细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNFα)、白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1 beta,IL-1β)和白细胞介素6(interleukin-6,IL-6)的分泌[9]。亦有研究显示,高脂饮食并未诱导2个巨噬细胞亚群M1和M2表型间发生明显转换[2],即M1/M2的二分法可能过于简化,难以概括炎症组织中巨噬细胞更为复杂的功能特征。实验发现,肥胖状态下胰岛巨噬细胞(特别是胰岛内亚群)在β细胞代偿性增殖和功能损伤中发挥作用,胰岛巨噬细胞含量通常与β细胞功能障碍程度呈正相关[10]。

全身性代谢或炎症因子可能为肥胖相关胰岛炎症的始动因素。例如,TNF-α可促进脂肪组织(adipose tissue,AT)纤维化并诱导其功能障碍,参与ATMs的M1样极化和炎症过程[11]。在T2DM患者中,异常聚集的胰岛淀粉样蛋白多肽(islet amyloid polypeptide,IAPP)是淀粉样蛋白沉积的主要成分,可诱导胰岛巨噬细胞的促炎反应。Westwell-Roper CY等[12]通过构建人IAPP转基因小鼠模型发现,人类胰岛淀粉样多肽(human islet amyloid polypeptide,hIAPP)可以增强胰岛巨噬细胞中IL-1β的生成。IL-1β可抑制胰岛β细胞完全分化相关基因的表达,并促进其凋亡。胰岛来源的局部信号也可能在启动炎症级联反应中发挥重要作用。Eguchi K等[13]发现β细胞可感知过量脂肪酸并产生趋化因子,将淋巴细胞抗原6复合体C位点(lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus C,Ly6C)阳性单核细胞或巨噬细胞招募到胰岛,抑或直接释放三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)激活巨噬细胞活化。即胰岛巨噬细胞可能是全身代谢变化被感知后的第一道防线。此外,肥胖微环境中的缺氧和纤维化可促进胰岛炎症的进展。缺氧是细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)破坏和纤维化应激的早期始动因素,是脂肪组织快速过度扩张导致血管生成不足的不良后果。这导致转录因子缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha,HIF-1α)被过度激活,进而诱发纤维化,增强局部炎症并降低胰岛素敏感性[14]。另一方面,纤维化是由ECM成分异常所诱发的病理过程,是脂肪过度积累对代谢途径产生的不利影响,可抑制脂肪细胞的脂质储存并增强脂毒性,从而在胰腺组织中损害胰岛素信号传导和β细胞功能[15-16]。

3 PDGF/PDGFR信号概述

3.1 结构与表达

PDGF作为一种血小板依赖性血清因子,生理状态下储存于血小板α颗粒中,可促进细胞存活、生长和增殖,同时调节细胞形状和运动。通过作用于结缔组织细胞(如成纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞和间充质细胞),在胚胎发育特别是血管和器官形成中发挥关键的调节作用。PDGF由4个多肽单位构成:血小板衍生生长因子A(platelet-derived growth factor A,PDGFA)、血小板衍生生长因子B(platelet-derived growth factor B,PDGFB)、血小板衍生生长因子C(platelet-derived growth factor C,PDGFC)和血小板衍生生长因子D(platelet-derived growth factor D,PDGFD)[4]。在哺乳动物中,它们主要以二聚体形式存在,包括同源二聚体血小板衍生生长因子AA(platelet-derived growth factor-AA homodimer,PDGF-AA)、血小板衍生生长因子BB(platelet-derived growth factor-BB homodimer,PDGF-BB)、血小板衍生生长因子CC(platelet-derived growth factor-CC homodimer,PDGF-CC)、血小板衍生生长因子DD(platelet-derived growth factor-DD homodimer,PDGF-DD),以及异源二聚体血小板衍生生长因子AB(platelet-derived growth factor-AB heterodimer,PDGF-AB)。PDGFR是一种跨膜糖蛋白,由1个细胞外配体结合结构域、1个用于传递细胞外信号或信息输入的单跨膜螺旋结构域和1个用于下游转导的细胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域组成,包括由血小板衍生生长因子受体α亚基(platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha subunit,PDGFR-α)和血小板衍生生长因子受体β亚基(platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta subunit,PDGFR-β)以特定的方式形成的αα、αβ和ββ 3种二聚体[17]。

PDGF与PDGFR结合可诱导受体二聚化,进而激活酪氨酸激酶结构域和细胞内酪氨酸残基的反式自磷酸化,以调节细胞的生物学功能[17],且调节效应取决于PDGF的亚基组成及受体结合的特异性。同源二聚体中,PDGF-AA因仅结合PDGFR-αα受体,功能局限于特定细胞(如骨细胞)的增殖与修复[18];PDGF-BB能结合所有PDGFR,故作用广泛,在伤口愈合、血管稳态等多种生理过程中起关键作用[17,19];PDGF-CC优先结合αα受体,主要参与神经血管及肺部发育[20];PDGF-DD多与ββ受体结合,实验发现其可诱导促肿瘤信号,驱动神经性肿瘤进展[21]。异源二聚体可能为人类特有,与PDGF-AA或PDGF-BB相比,其刺激细胞可优先形成PDGFR-αβ,并增强受体的促有丝分裂活性。研究表明,PDGF-AB可促进人间充质干细胞的迁移[22]。不同的PDGF亚型通常由特定的细胞群(如血小板、内皮细胞、上皮细胞、胶质细胞和炎症细胞)产生,对多种刺激有反应,包括缺氧、凝血酶、细胞因子、生长因子及PDGF本身[4]。在配体结合和二聚化后,PDGFR内化进入细胞有助于调节其信号传导。内化的PDGFR可继续结合内体中的适配器蛋白或信号分子,从而激活下游信号通路。多种因素可诱导PDGFR表达,包括转化生长因子β、雌激素、白细胞介素-1α、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子-2、TNF-α和LPS[17](图1)。

3.2 信号传导

成年人体内PDGF/PDGFR信号表达受到严格控制,PDGFR受自身抑制变构构象的调控,无配体时基础活性极低。不同生理病理条件下,PDGFR可依赖或不依赖于PDGF而被激活[23]。在胰岛中,PDGF/PDGFR信号主要作用于β细胞。早期研究表明,PDGFR的表达水平正向调控β细胞的增殖潜能[24];具体表现为过表达可促进增殖,而随年龄增长的表达下降则导致增殖能力减退。Chen HN等[25]发现,β细胞特异性PDGFRα编码基因失活可增强β细胞对链脲佐菌素的敏感性。此外,PDGF/PDGFR信号参与免疫细胞及细胞因子的多种生理或病理反应过程。例如,组织修复过程中血小板和M2巨噬细胞在损伤部位聚集,刺激成纤维细胞收缩胶原蛋白基质,并通过释放PDGF-BB促进新组织形成。Zhang WK等[26]发现,PDGF-BB可抑制IL-1β诱导的炎症及促进丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路活化。另有研究显示,内皮细胞分泌的PDGF-BB与血脑屏障周细胞的PDGFR-β之间的信号传导在维持血管功能中起重要作用[27]。周细胞作为大脑感知全身性炎症的初始感受器,可吞噬其他细胞并向免疫细胞呈递抗原,调节白细胞外溢和中枢神经系统炎症细胞的极化过程。研究发现,PDGF-BB在体外病理条件下调节周细胞反应,参与下丘脑慢性炎症的发生发展[27]。

4 PDGF/PDGFR信号与肥胖相关胰岛炎症

4.1 PDGF/PDGFR信号激活是肥胖病理机制之一

PDGFR-α的激活与脂肪组织病理变化相关。长期营养过剩会诱导白色脂肪组织(white adipose tissue,WAT)的脂肪前体细胞(adipose precursor cells,APCs)增殖和分化为成熟的脂肪细胞,从而促进WAT的增生扩张导致肥胖[28]。虽然成熟的脂肪细胞不表达PDGFR-α,但WAT APCs表达PDGFR-α。当PDGFR-α信号异常激活时,APCs合成ECM,发挥类似成纤维细胞的作用,导致脂肪组织的病理重塑和功能障碍[28]。Iwayama T等[29]经小鼠实验发现,PDGFR-α可以通过上调雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mechanistic target of rapamycin,mTOR)信使核糖核酸(messenger ribonucleic acid,mRNA)翻译和核糖体生物合成信号通路,调控与细胞生长和组织稳态相关的印记基因网络的表达。因此在APCs中靶向调控PDGFR-α激活可能是对抗WAT过度扩张所致脂肪细胞增生的有效策略。PDGF-BB在内脏脂肪组织的血管重塑中发挥关键作用。丰富的游离脂肪酸带来的代谢压力下,微环境中的ATM可有限度地产生PDGF-BB。该过程或与LPS增多后,巨噬细胞中糖酵解代谢重构所引发的细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinase,ERK)信号上调相关,并伴随着活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)及促炎细胞因子的产生[30]。脂肪细胞的血管稀疏和耗氧量增加可导致WAT间质缺氧。促炎生成ATM聚集于这些缺氧间质中,以HIF-1α依赖的方式诱发慢性炎症,导致血管损伤,并形成恶性循环。Onogi Y等[31]发现,饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠内脏脂肪组织中ATM耗竭会减少PDGF-BB表达和周细胞分离,促进脂肪组织新生血管形成。PDGF-BB诱导的周细胞分离和HIF-1α激活的低灌注或可解释病理性脂肪组织扩张的机制。

4.2 PDGF/PDGFR信号可介导胰岛巨噬细胞促进β细胞增殖的过程

PDGF/PDGFR信号促进巨噬细胞在胰岛的局部聚集并推动胰岛β细胞的代偿性增殖。研究者认为,PDGFR信号的减少是β细胞复制能力下降的原因。Ying W等[3]使用不同剂量的PDGFR抑制剂处理巨噬细胞/β细胞共培养物,观察到β细胞增殖的基础水平不受PDGFR抑制的影响,而巨噬细胞介导的β细胞增殖以剂量依赖性方式被显著抑制到基础水平。Zhou X等[32]发现在CD11c+胰岛内巨噬细胞和CD11c-胰岛周围巨噬细胞中,PDGF-AA的表达均升高。且血清中PDGF-AA水平与衰老过程中胰岛β细胞的增殖和功能呈正相关[33]。Phi JH等[34]研究发现,靶向激活PDGFR-α可刺激小鼠β细胞ERK1/2的磷酸化,活化的ERK1/2转位至细胞核,调控增殖相关基因转录,诱导β细胞发生依赖于zeste同源物增强子2(enhancer of zeste homolog 2,EZH2)的扩增。EZH2是多梳抑制复合物2的核心成分,其传统功能是作为组蛋白甲基转移酶,催化组蛋白H3第27位赖氨酸的三甲基化(trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 27,H3K27me3)修饰靶基因[如细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制因子2A(cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A,CDKN2A)]表达。Cao ZQ等[35]提出,胰腺β细胞中的PDGFR信号通路需通过诱导EZH2来维持β细胞的生理性增殖。即胰岛β细胞中PDGF-AA与PDGFR-α信号随年龄增长而减弱导致ERK1/2活性下降,进而使EZH2表达减少。EZH2缺失解除对CDKN2A的抑制,导致p16INK4A蛋白积累,从而阻滞细胞周期进程。

4.3 PDGF/PDGFR信号的激活加剧肥胖相关胰岛炎症

肥胖相关胰岛炎症的重要病理特征是胰腺组织驻留巨噬细胞的增殖与广泛浸润。PDGF/PDGFR信号的激活或可调控以下通路作用于胰岛巨噬细胞,从而加剧胰岛炎症。

4.3.1 JAK/STAT通路

Janus激酶(janus kinase,JAK)/信号转导及转录激活因子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)信号通路是人体内与细胞稳态相关的细胞因子传导途径。STAT1和STAT3的激活可通过PDGFR的内在酪氨酸激酶活性介导[36]。Wakabayashi Y等[37]指出,胰岛β细胞的重新编程和质量再生需要STAT3,但其下游靶点尚不明确。胰岛中浸润的巨噬细胞可分泌促炎细胞因子干扰素γ(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)。IFN-γ与胰岛β细胞受体结合后在JAK1/2介导下诱导STAT1磷酸化和二聚体化,STAT1转位至细胞核,导致目标炎症基因的上调。研究发现,IFN-γ可明显增强PDGF诱导的脱氧核糖核酸(deoxyribonucleic acid,DNA)合成,且与PDGF-BB水平升高相关[38]。PDGF/PDGFR或为连接JAK/STAT通路与胰岛β细胞、巨噬细胞关键节点,其表达增强将加剧炎症反应。

4.3.2 Raf/ERK通路

加速纤维肉瘤(rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma,Raf)/ERK信号通路是调控细胞增殖、分化、存活及迁移的核心信号轴,并参与炎症反应。Islam SU等[39]发现,若阻断细胞中的Raf/ERK途径,LPS诱导的巨噬细胞促炎表型极化亦将受到抑制。Wang CQ等[40]认为,该通路可能与血小板衍生溶磷脂介质介导的PDGF-A表达和血管生成相关。此外,据报道,PDGF-BB与受体结合可激活ERK级联信号通路,从而促进纤维化[41]。PDGF/PDGFR可能通过Raf/ERK通路增强炎症反应[42-43],损害胰岛β细胞功能。

4.3.3 PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路

磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)/mTOR信号通路位于PDGFR的下游,可调控细胞增殖、自噬,以及葡萄糖摄取、糖原合成等代谢过程。PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路协同调控巨噬细胞的代谢状态与生物学功能,是其适应迁移、极化分化及细胞因子产生等过程的核心枢纽。mTOR复合物1与mTOR复合物2构成的细胞内网络可直接调节促进M2巨噬细胞分化的细胞因子活性,PI3K还通过JAK、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶和ERK信号影响巨噬细胞功能[44]。同时,胰岛β细胞中PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号的激活可能会通过增加β细胞质量来改善胰岛素分泌并降低血糖水平[45]。PDGF/PDGFR信号可能通过下调PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路活性[46],影响胰岛巨噬细胞的分化及正常功能[47],并对胰岛β细胞产生不利影响[45],间接加剧肥胖状态下的胰岛炎症(图2)。

4.4 PDGF/PDGFR信号介导的胰岛炎症性损伤与功能失调

肥胖相关胰岛炎症可通过PDGF/PDGFR信号驱动胰岛β细胞功能障碍及代谢失衡,形成引发糖尿病进展的恶性循环。其中,PDGF-BB作为关键介质,通过与PDGFR-β结合激活多条信号通路,协同调控胰岛巨噬细胞与β细胞的功能,加剧病理进程。在JAK/STAT信号轴方面,PDGF-BB与PDGFR-β结合后可激活JAK1/STAT1,一方面增强巨噬细胞的促炎表型,促进IL-1β、TNF-α等促炎因子分泌[48];另一方面驱动趋化因子过表达[49],募集更多M1型巨噬细胞浸润胰岛并激活核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)通路[50],形成持续促炎微环境,直接损伤β细胞功能,影响胰岛素合成与分泌[51]。此外,PDGF-BB可通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路调控代谢过程。Moench R等[52]发现,PDGF刺激会增强细胞糖酵解并增加乳酸释放,从而加剧糖毒性应激;而mTOR复合物2以PI3K依赖的方式促进Akt磷酸化,参与细胞生存与代谢调控[53]。因此PDGF-BB可能通过该通路驱动β细胞代谢重编程,加速其功能衰竭。此外,PDGF-BB激活的Raf/ERK信号通路也发挥重要作用。该通路可引发ECM异位沉积,影响M2型巨噬细胞分化并干扰炎症因子平衡[54],最终可能导致β细胞凋亡及广泛胰腺纤维化。上述通路并非独立发挥作用,而是存在密切交互。例如,PDGF-BB激活的ERK可增强STAT1的转录活性,协同放大促炎信号[36];同时,其介导的PI3K过度激活可通过Akt增强JAK2磷酸化,并因负反馈调节失效导致ERK信号过度上调,加剧β细胞凋亡与巨噬细胞向促炎表型转化,从而推动代谢紊乱[44-45]。这种多通路协同作用,使得PDGF-BB成为连接胰岛炎症与代谢失衡的核心枢纽。这一特殊性可能与PDGF-BB是唯一能结合3种不同PDGFR并触发多样化信号通路的二聚体有关,因此针对该亚型的研究最为深入。然而PDGF与PDGFR间结合多样,其他信号分子与肥胖相关胰岛炎症的研究亟待开展。

5 总结与展望

由于炎症在肥胖中的作用,靶向炎症治疗已成为代谢性疾病治疗的新策略,但相应临床手段仍不成熟,内在分子机制也尚未阐明。本文总结了PDGF/PDGFR信号的生理病理功能及其在胰岛炎症中的作用机制,证据表明该信号系统的激活与肥胖、胰岛炎症、免疫调节之间存在密切联系,可能具有因果关系。或可为靶向炎症治疗及抗炎或减重相关药物的研发提供新靶点。

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基金资助

山东省泰山学者青年专家计划资助项目(tsqn202211354)

山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2024MH245)

钱秋海全国名老中医药专家传承工作室(国中医药人教函〔2022〕75号)

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