EBSILON软件在热电联产系统优化中的应用综述

Review of the Application of EBSILON Software in Combined Heat and Power System Optimization

摘要

随着我国“双碳”目标的不断推进，传统热电联产“以热定电”的运行模式已难以满足新型电力系统对机组灵活性和深度调峰能力的要求，亟需依托热电解耦技术提升系统的高效供热与负荷调节能力。近年来，围绕热电解耦的研究，大多以单一案例或局部技术为主，系统边界、参数设定与评价体系不尽一致，难以形成具有可比性和可推广性的研究框架。本文依托EBSILON软件的统一热力建模体系，对低温热源提取、低压缸零出力、高背压供热以及光煤互补供热等典型灵活性改造技术的系统构型、蒸汽抽引方式及电热耦合机制进行系统梳理；并在统一的建模逻辑与评价指标下，对各方案的热效率、供热能力、煤耗水平及变工况性能开展量化对比分析，总结不同技术路径的共性规律与差异化特征。在此基础上，进一步归纳了当前研究在模型一致性、工况覆盖性及工程适用性方面的不足，并明确未来热电解耦技术研究三大方向：强化动态行为模拟与闭环控制验证、拓展极端及不确定性场景多边界分析、发展多技术耦合与全生命周期优化。研究可为热电联产机组灵活性改造的定量评估、工程选型和运行优化提供结构化的理论依据与方法保障。

Abstract

As China’s “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality” goals progress，the traditional “heat-led” operation mode of combined heat and power systems has been found insufficient to meet the requirements of new power systems for unit flexibility and deep peak-shaving capacity. There is an urgent need to rely on thermoelectric decoupling technologies to enhance high-efficiency heating and load regulation capabilities of the systems. Although research on thermoelectric decoupling has intensified in recent years，most studies focus on single cases or localized technologies with inconsistent system boundaries，parameter settings，and evaluation systems，making it difficult to establish a comparable and generalizable research framework. In this paper，based on the unified thermal modeling framework of EBSILON software，the system configurations，steam extraction methods，and electrothermal coupling mechanisms of typical flexibility retrofitting technologies—including low-temperature heat source extraction，low pressure cylinder near zero output，high back pressure heating，and solar-assisted thermopower—are systematically reviewed. Under a unified modeling logic and evaluation index system，quantitative comparative analyses of thermal efficiency，heating capacity，coal consumption，and off-design performance are conducted for various schemes，and the common laws and differentiated characteristics of different technical pathways are summarized. Furthermore，shortcomings in current research regarding model consistency，working condition coverage，and engineering applicability are identified. Three major directions for future thermoelectric decoupling research are proposed：strengthening dynamic behavior simulation and closed-loop control verification；expanding analysis across multiple boundaries for extreme and uncertain scenarios；and developing multi-technology coupling and life-cycle optimization. The findings are intended to provide a structured theoretical basis and methodological support for the quantitative evaluation，engineering selection，and operational optimization of flexibility retrofits of CHP units.

关键词

EBSILON / 热电联产 / 高背压供热 / 低压缸零出力 / 光煤互补供热

Key words

EBSILON / combined heat and power / high back pressure heating / low pressure cylinder near zero output / complementary heating using coal and solar energy

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFB4105000)