考虑环境温度的传感器优化布置方法

An Optimal Sensor Placement Method Considering Ambient Temperature

摘要

为了解决在传感器优化布置过程中温度对结构振动特性的影响常被忽视的问题,考虑了温度对结构刚度的影响,基于传统的传感器优化布置方法,提出一种基于结构全年工作环境温度变化的传感器优化布置方法。该方法通过将温度区间的自由度识别权重与对应的温度概率相乘进行修正,从而优化传感器布置。通过固支钢框架数值模拟,运用3种传统传感器优化布置方法,并结合4种评价准则验证该方法的有效性。结果表明,双K模型下的传感器布设方案优于单K模型,特别是在与基准温度温差较大或传感器数量较少的情况下。此外,采用年温度分布概率的传感器优化布置方法相较于采用年平均温度的方法更具优势。

Abstract

To address the issue of neglecting the impact of temperature on structural vibration characteristics during the optimization of sensor layout, this paper proposes a sensor placement method that considered annual temperature distribution with traditional sensor layout optimization techniques (SP-T). In the proposed method, the sensor placement scheme is adjusted by the identification weights of temperature intervals multiplied by corresponding temperature probabilities. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through the numerical simulation of a fixed-supported steel frame, employing three traditional sensor optimization placement methods and four evaluation criteria. Results indicate that the sensor placement scheme with the dual-K model outperforms that with the single-K model, especially in cases with large temperature deviations from the reference temperature or fewer sensors. In addition, the sensor optimization placement method utilizing annual temperature distribution probabilities outperforms employing the annual average temperature.

关键词

传感器优化布置 / 环境温度 / 温度分布概率 / 有效独立法 / 模态置信准则 / 钢框架结构

Key words

sensor placement / ambient temperature / temperature probability / effective independent method / modal confidence criterion / steel frame structure

参考文献

[1] 李永梅, 周锡元, 高向宇 . 基于柔度曲率矩阵的结构损伤识别法[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2008, 34(10): 1066-1071.

[2] LI Y M, ZHOU X Y, GAO X Y . Flexibility curvature matrix method based on mode in the damage detection of structures[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2008, 34(10): 1066-1071. (in Chinese)

[3] 董学超, 郭明伟, 王水林 . 基于LightGBM的超大沉井下沉状态预测及传感器优化布置[J]. 岩土力学, 2023, 44(6): 1789-1799.

[4] DONG X C, GUO M W, WANG S L . Sinking state prediction and sensor placement of super large open caissons based on LightGBM[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2023, 44(6): 1789-1799. (in Chinese)

[5] 周硕, 余龙, 吴子燕, 等 . 基于深度学习的传感器优化布置方法[J]. 振动测试与诊断, 2020, 40(4): 719—724, 824.

[6] ZHOU S, YU L, WU Z Y, et al. Optimal sensor placement based on deep learning method[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2020, 40(4): 719—724, 824. (in Chinese)

[7] 李英民, 秦阳, 刘纲 . 基于行波理论的桁架结构传感器优化布设方法研究[J/OL]. 工程力学: 1-13[ 2024—06—18]. https://pubs.cstam.org.cn/em/article/Y2024/I11/168.

[8] LI Y M, QIN Y, LIU G . Optimal sensors placement method for truss structure upon traveling wave theory[J/OL]. Engineering Mechanics: 1-13[ 2024—06—18]. https://pubs.cstam.org.cn/em/article/Y2024/I11/168. (in Chinese)

[9] 高博, 柏智会, 宋宇博 . 基于自适应引力算法的桥梁监测传感器优化布置[J]. 振动与冲击, 2021, 40(6): 86-92.

[10] GAO B, BAI Z H, SONG Y B . Optimal placement of sensors in bridge monitoring based on an adaptive gravity search algorithm[J]. Vibration and Shock, 2021, 40(6): 86-92. (in Chinese)

[11] QIN X R, ZHAN P M, YU C Q, et al. Health monitoring sensor placement optimization based on initial sensor layout using improved partheno—genetic algorithm[J/OL]. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2021, 24(2): 252-265[2024—06—18]. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1369433220947198.

[12] MENDLER A, DÖHLER M, VENTURA C E . Sensor placement with optimal damage detectability for statistical damage detection[J/OL]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2022, 170: 108767[2024—06—18]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888327021010815.

[13] HU Q, ZHANG Y K, XIE X J, et al. Optimal placement of vibration sensors for industrial robots based on Bayesian theory[J/OL]. Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(12): 6086[2024—06—18]. https://www.mdpi.com/2076—3417/12/12/6086.

[14] YAN Z G, WANG Y P, FAN J D, et al. An efficient method for optimizing sensors' layout for accurate measurement of underground ventilation networks[J/OL]. IEEE Access, 2023, 11: 72630-72640[2024—06—18]. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10184307.

[15] KAMMER D C . Sensor placement for on—orbit modal identification and correlation of large space structures[C/OL]// 1990 American Control Conference. New York: IEEE Press, 1990: 2984-2990[2024—06—18]. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4791265.

[16] HEO G, WANG M L, SATPATHI D . Optimal transducer placement for health monitoring of long span bridge[J/OL]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 1997, 16(7/8): 495-502[2024—06—18]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267726197000109.

[17] 刘伟, 高维成, 李惠, 等 . 基于有效独立的改进传感器优化布置方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(6): 54-62.

[18] LIU W, GAO W C, LI H, et al. Improved optimal sensor placement methods based on effective independence[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(6): 54-62. (in Chinese)

[19] 张建伟, 刘轩然, 赵瑜, 等 . 基于有效独立—总位移法的水工结构振测传感器优化布置[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(8): 148-153.

[20] ZHANG J W, LIU X R, ZHAO Y, et al. Optimal sensor placement for hydraulic structures based on effective independence—total displacement method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(8): 148-153. (in Chinese)

[21] 周毅, 孙利民, 谢谟文, 等 . 桥梁模态频率与运营环境作用的相关性[J]. 工程科学学报, 2018, 40(3): 276-284.

[22] ZHOU Y, SUN L M, XIE M W, et al. Correlation of modal frequency variation for a bridge with operational and environmental actions[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2018, 40(3): 276-284. (in Chinese)

[23] 史冬岩, 石先杰, 王青山, 等 . T型耦合板结构振动特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2014, 33(4): 185—189, 198.

[24] SHI D Y, SHI X J, WANG Q S, et al. Vibration analysis of a T—coupled plate structure[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2014, 33(4): 185—189, 198. (in Chinese)

[25] 孙小猛, 冯新, 周晶 . 基于损伤可识别性的传感器优化布置方法[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 2010, 50(2): 264-270.

[26] SUN X M, FENG X, ZHOU J . A method for optimum sensor placement based on damage identifiability[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 2010, 50(2): 264-270. (in Chinese)

[27] 程建旗, 闫维明, 陈彦江, 等 . 传感器优化布置的改进有效独立算法[J]. 振动测试与诊断, 2012, 32(5): 812—816, 866.

[28] CHENG J Q, YAN W M, CHEN Y J, et al. Optimal sensor placement for bridge structure based on improved effective independence[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2012, 32(5): 812—816, 866. (in Chinese)

[29] 詹杰子, 余岭 . 传感器优化布置的有效独立—改进模态应变能方法[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017, 36(1): 82-87.

[30] ZHAN J Z, YU L . An effective independence—improved modal strain energy method for optimal sensor placement[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017, 36(1): 82-87. (in Chinese)

[31] 杨辰 . 结构健康监测的传感器优化布置研究进展与展望[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(17): 82-93.

[32] YANG C . Advances and prospects for optimal sensor placement of structural health monitoring[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020, 39(17): 82-93. (in Chinese)

[33] 李顺龙, 李惠, 欧进萍, 等 . 考虑温度和风速影响的桥梁结构模态参数分析[J]. 土木工程学报, 2009, 42(4): 100-106.

[34] LI S L, LI H, OU J P, et al. Identification of modal parameters of bridges considering temperature and wind effects[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal, 2009, 42(4): 100-106. (in Chinese)

[35] 张仁波, 金浏, 杜修力 . 混凝土温度相关热传导行为细观分析[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2018, 44(12): 1503-1512.

[36] ZHANG R B, JIN L, DU X L . Mesoscopic analysis of the temperature—dependent thermal conduction behavior within concrete[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2018, 44(12): 1503-1512. (in Chinese)

[37] XIA Y, HAO H, ZANARDO G, et al. Long term vibration monitoring of an RC slab: temperature and humidity effect[J/OL]. Engineering Structures, 2006, 28(3): 441-452[2024—06—18]. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141029605003172.

[38] 张媛, 王士敏, 王琪 . 对定点运动刚体欧拉角的独立性及坐标变换矩阵的分析[J]. 力学与实践, 2022, 44(2): 385-389.

[39] ZHANG Y, WANG S M, WANG Q . Analysis on the independence of Euler angles and the coordinate transformation matrix[J]. Mechanics in Engineering, 2022, 44(2): 385-389. (in Chinese)

[40] ZHOU S L, SONG W . Environmental—effects—embedded model updating method considering environmental impacts[J/OL]. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 2018, 25(3): e2116[2024—06—18]. https://ouci.dntb.gov.ua/en/works/4ajxPxQl/.

[41] 王秀丽, 张强, 冉永红 . 空间管桁架结构健康监测传感器布置优化分析[J]. 建筑科学与工程学报, 2019, 36(4): 22-30.

[42] WANG X L, ZHANG Q, RAN Y H . Optimization analysis of sensor layout for structural health monitoring of spatial tube truss[J]. Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 2019, 36(4): 22-30. (in Chinese)

[43] 徐菁, 刘斌, 董金慧, 等 . 用粒子群算法选择体育馆监测系统中传感器的最优布点[J]. 空间结构, 2019, 25(1): 40-46.

[44] XU J, LIU B, DONG J H, et al. Optimal placement of sensors for monitoring systems on a gymnasium using particle swarm optimization[J]. Spatial Structures, 2019, 25(1): 40-46. (in Chinese)

[45] 伊廷华, 张旭东, 李宏男 . 基于自适应猴群算法的传感器优化布置方法研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2013, 32(23): 57-63.

[46] YI T H, ZHANG X D, LI H N . Optimal sensor placement based on adaptive monkey algorithm[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2013, 32(23): 57-63. (in Chinese)

[47] 张建伟, 刘轩然, 赵瑜, 等 . 基于有效独立—总位移法的水工结构振测传感器优化布置[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(8): 148-153.

[48] ZHANG J W, LIU X R, ZHAO Y, et al. Optimal sensor placement for hydraulic structures based on effective independence—total displacement method[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(8): 148-153. (in Chinese)

[49] 吴圣斌 . 基于人工鱼群算法的结构健康监测传感器优化布设[D]. 福州: 福州大学, 2020.

[50] WU S B . Sensor optimal placement for structural health monitoring based on artificial fish swarm algorithm[D]. Fuzhou: Fuzhou University, 2020. (in Chinese)

[51] 史红梅, 孙傲雨 . 一种传感器优化布置的高能有效独立法[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2022, 43(11): 53-61.

[52] SHI H M, SUN A Y . High energy efficient independent method for optimal sensor placement[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2022, 43(11): 53-61. (in Chinese)

基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178096)

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52278477)