基于供暖室外临界温度范围的供暖期研究

Research on Heating Period Based on the Outdoor Critical Temperature Range for Heating

摘要

目前供暖期按室外日平均温度稳定低于供暖室外临界温度的总日数确定,这种确定方法无法保障室外温度低于日平均温度时的室内热舒适,故该文通过分析室内温度波幅,提出用供暖室外临界温度范围来确定供暖期,并基于谐波反应法给出了供暖室外临界温度范围的计算方法。 在此基础上以北京地区典型建筑为例计算了典型气象年的供暖期,发现基于供暖室外临界温度范围计算的供暖期在供暖前后有 99% 以上时间的自然室温满足热湿环境Ⅰ级区要求,且能够更好地平衡建筑热舒适和节能要求。 此外,对室内温度波幅各影响因素进行了分析,结果显示:室外温度波幅、太阳辐射波幅、室内热源波幅、窗墙比、自然通风量对室内温度波幅都有显著影响,墙体热惰性对其影响不显著,而室内热源波幅对室内温度波幅的影响会随着室内热源相位不同而不同。

Abstract

Currently, the heating period is determined by the total number of days when the outdoor average daily temperature is consistently lower than the outdoor critical temperature for heating, and this method cannot guarantee the indoor thermal comfort when the outdoor temperature is lower than the daily average temperature. On this basis, the heating period of a typical meteorological year was calculated by taking a typical building in Beijing as an example, and it is found that the natural room temperature of the heating period calculated based on the outdoor critical temperature range for heating meets the requirements of the Ⅰlevel area of the thermal and humid environment for more than 99% of the time before and after heating, and can better balance the thermal comfort and energy saving requirements of the building. Furthermore, the influencing factors of indoor temperature amplitude were analyzed, and the results show that outdoor temperature amplitude, solar radiation amplitude, indoor heat source amplitude, window-to-wall ratio, and natural ventilation volume have significant effects on indoor temperature amplitude, while wall thermal inertia has no significant effect on it, while the influence of indoor heat source amplitude on indoor temperature amplitude varies with the phase of indoor heat source.

关键词

供暖室外临界温度范围 / 室内温度波幅 / 供暖期 / 室内日平均温度 / 办公建筑 / 居住建筑

Key words

outdoor critical temperature range for heating / indoor temperature amplitude / heating period / indoor average daily temperature / office buildings / residential buildings

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基金资助

中国工程院基金资助项目(Q9004020202001)