近断层地震作用下可更换曲线预应力筋自复位双柱墩连续梁桥横向地震响应

Transverse Seismic Response of Continuous Girder Bridge With Replaceable Curved Prestressed Tendon Double-column Self-centering Pier Under Near-fault Earthquake

摘要

为解决无黏结预应力自复位桥墩中预应力筋的更换问题,提出一种采用可更换预应力筋的新型自复位桥梁结构,该类结构在近断层地震作用下的地震响应尚不清楚。为明晰近断层地震动对可更换预应力筋自复位双柱墩梁桥的地震响应规律,基于OpenSEES平台建立了曲线预应力筋自复位双柱式桥墩的数值模型,首先进行了墩顶水平往复拟静力加载数值模拟,并通过拟静力试验结果验证了建模方法的准确性。以甘肃天水3×30 m连续梁桥为原型,建立了可更换曲线预应力筋自复位双柱墩连续梁桥与常规延性抗震设计的普通混凝土连续梁桥数值仿真模型。以3组近断层地震记录作为输入,根据该桥梁场地特征调整地震动峰值加速度,对2座桥梁进行动力时程分析,对比其地震响应。结果表明:在E1地震作用下,自复位双柱墩梁桥消能部件未屈服,普通混凝土梁桥墩底混凝土开裂,纵筋未屈服;在E2地震作用下,自复位双柱墩梁桥的最大偏移率相对普通混凝土梁桥减小47.9%~67.2%,残余偏移率相对普通混凝土梁桥减小90%以上,具有优越的自复位能力。普通混凝土梁桥最大残余偏移率达到0.51%,不利于震后修复;可更换曲线预应力筋自复位双柱墩桥梁震后可恢复性较好,有利于震后更换与修复。

Abstract

To address replacing prestressed tendons in unbonded prestressed self-centering piers, authors propose a new type of self-centering bridge structure with replaceable prestressed tendons. Its seismic response under near-fault earthquakes is still unclear. To analyze the seismic response of replaceable prestressed reinforcement self-centering double-column pier girder bridge under near-fault ground motion, a numerical model of curved prestressed tendon double-column rocking self-centering pier was built on OpenSEES platform. First, the numerical simulation of horizontal reciprocating quasi-static loading at the pier top was carried out, and the accuracy of the modeling method was verified by the quasi-static test results. Based on a 3×30 m continuous beam bridge in a city of Gansu Province, a numerical simulation model of a replaceable curved prestressed self-centering double-column pier continuous beam bridge and an ordinary concrete continuous beam bridge with conventional ductile seismic design were established. Three sets of near-fault seismic records were used as input, and the peak acceleration of ground motion was adjusted according to the site characteristics of the bridge. The dynamic time-history analysis of the two bridges was carried out to compare their seismic responses. Results show that under the action of E1 earthquake, the energy dissipation components of the self-centering double-column pier girder bridge do not yield, the concrete at the bottom of the pier of the ordinary concrete beam cracks and the longitudinal reinforcement does not yield. Under the action of E2 earthquake, the maximum drift ratio of the double-column self-centering beam bridge is reduced by 47.9%-67.2% and the residual drift ratio is reduced by more than 90% compared with the ordinary concrete beam bridge, which exhibits excellent self-centering capacity. The maximum residual drift ratio of ordinary concrete girder bridge reaches 0.51%, which is not conducive to post-earthquake repair. The replaceable curved prestressed tendon self-centering double-column pier bridge has excellent post-earthquake resilience, which is conducive to post-earthquake replacement and repair.

关键词

桥梁工程 / 地震响应分析 / 数值模拟 / 自复位桥墩 / 曲线预应力 / 近断层

Key words

bridge engineering / seismic response analysis / numerical analysis / self-centering bridge pier / curved prestress / near-fault

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178449)