Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS)-aided non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) wireless communication systems have attracted widespread attention due to their high energy efficiency.ARIS using regular topology fails to adapt the dynamic user distribution and may result in high pilot overhead.To adress this problem, a NOMA wireless communication model based on irregular topology optimization of ARIS is proposed by incorporating the mobile antenna technology into the system to optimize the topology of ARIS reflection elements.Considering that traditional optimization algorithms tend to fall into local optima, the genetic tabu search algorithm (GTSA) is utilized to optimize the irregular topology, and the fractional programming (FP) method is adopted to alternately solve the beamforming problem for the base station and ARIS.Simulation results show that the proposed communication model achives an approximately 20% improvement in energy efficiency in comparison with that using the ARIS with regular topology,and an approximately 11% improvement in comparison with that using the ARIS with irrgular topology optimizated by the tabu search (TS) algorithm.The obtained result is expected to help the design of next generation wireless communication systems.
不规则ARIS拓扑构型是在一个扩展表面上不规则地配置一定数量的ARIS元件,并通过智能配置反射单元来以较低成本降低系统的能耗,响应动态多用户应用场景下的通信需求。不规则ARIS可被视为可移动天线的一种应用迁移,能够通过对反射单元的拓扑构型进行调整来实现“虚拟移动”效果,以灵活调控空间域自由度(Degree of Freedom,DoF)的方式更好匹配用户的动态分布特征。同时,通过优化不规则ARIS的拓扑构型、动态调整反射路径和信号覆盖范围,还可以避免对天线阵列进行物理移动,降低系统故障率。这种高度灵活的处理方式使不规则ARIS更适用于基于信道条件进行解码的NOMA系统,为其提供额外的DoF来进一步优化信道条件和通信能效。
引入不规则ARIS新结构后,与元件以恒定的间距排列在规则表面上的规则ARIS不同,N个ARIS元件不规则地分布在ARIS表面的Ns个网格点 ()上。假设网格约束具有固定的网格间距,相邻网格点之间的间距为载波频率波长的一半[18]。,,分别为基站(Base Station,BS)与不规则ARIS、不规则ARIS与第k个用户以及BS与第k个用户之间的信道。假设被ARIS反射两次或多次的信号功率可以忽略不计,所有涉及的信道均采用莱斯衰落信道模型,且都能获得完美的信道状态信息(Channel State Information,CSI)。不规则ARIS拓扑结构的拓扑矩阵用表示,其中。定义来指示RIS元素是否部署在第n个网格点,,表示该位置被选择,表示未被选择。
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