基于改进差异创意搜索算法的主动配电网故障区段定位方法

Active Distribution Network Fault Section Location Method Based on Improved Differentiated Creative Search Algorithm

摘要

针对传统故障定位方法在面对复杂故障场景时容错性差、适应性弱以及效率瓶颈的难题,本文基于改进的差异创意搜索IDCS算法提出了一种计及不同数量分布式电源接入的主动配电网故障区段定位方法．首先,通过改进故障电流编码方式,适应主动配电网中双向故障电流流动的特点；其次,优化开关函数的构建方法,解决了双重故障时开关节点反映错误的问题,使其能够更准确地反映开关节点的状态；再次,引入最小集理论和逼近思想,构造适应度函数,提高故障定位的精度；最后,通过IEEE33节点模型进行仿真实验,结果表明,所提方法在单点故障、多点故障及数据畸变情况下,故障定位准确率分别为98.7%、97.8%和96.5%,平均收敛次数为7次,平均迭代时间为1.521 s,相较于遗传算法(GA)、粒子群优化(PSO)算法等传统方法,平均迭代时间均缩短30%以上,在定位精度和计算效率方面表现出显著优势,有效提高了主动配电网故障定位的准确性和鲁棒性,可为配电网智能化运维提供技术支撑．

Abstract

To address the challenges of traditional fault location methods in complex fault scenarios, such as poor fault tolerance, weak adaptability, and efficiency bottlenecks, this paper proposed an improved differentiated creative search fault section location method for active distribution networks considering varying numbers of distributed generations(DGs). First, the approach adapted to bidirectional fault current flow characteristics in active distribution networks by modifying the fault current encoding method. Second, the switch function construction method was optimized to resolve incorrect status reflection at switching nodes during double faults, achieving more accurate state representation. Third, minimum set theory and approximation concepts were introduced to develop an enhanced fitness function, improving fault location precision. Finally, simulation experiments using the IEEE 33-node model demonstrate that the proposed method achieves accuracy rates of 98.7%, 97.8%, and 96.5% for single-point faults, multi-point faults, and data distortion scenarios respectively, with an average convergence of 7 iterations and average iteration time of 1.521 s. Compared to traditional methods like genetic algorithm(GA) and particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm, this approach reduces average iteration time by over 30% while exhibiting superior positioning accuracy and computational efficiency. The method significantly enhances the reliability and robustness of active distribution network fault location, providing technical support for intelligent distribution network operation and maintenance.

关键词

主动配电网 / 故障定位 / 差异创意搜索算法 / 分布式电源 / 故障区段定位

Key words

active distribution network / fault location / differentiated creative search algorithm / distributed generation / fault segment location

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基金资助

河北省科技计划基金资助项目(24464401D)