大体积混凝土水化热三维温度场分析

Analysis of Three-dimensional Temperature Field of Hydration Heat from Mass Concrete

摘要

在大体积混凝土施工中，温度控制是影响混凝土结构质量和安全的重要因素之一．为有效控制大体积混凝土施工温度，针对施工过程中温度场分布规律进行了深入研究．基于杜哈美尔定理，考虑环境温度变化及太阳辐射作用等因素，推导了大体积混凝土三维温度场的解析解，并结合现场试验和数值模拟进行了验证，分析了大体积混凝土高度、平面尺寸、入模温度和养护方式等参数对水化热温度场沿高度分布及温控预警区阈值的影响规律．研究表明，大体积混凝土沿高度方向，水化热温度场中间区域温度梯度较小，向两边逐渐增大．当大体积混凝土高度增加时，温控预警区阈值先增大后趋于稳定．当其平面尺寸增加时，温控预警区阈值逐渐增加；当平面尺寸值大于高度值的1.5倍时，温控预警区阈值趋于稳定，约为大体积混凝土高度的0.4倍．随着入模温度的升高，温控预警区阈值变化不明显，但大体积混凝土里表温差以及靠近上下表面的温度梯度增大．养护方式通过改变混凝土表面放热系数影响温度场分布，但对温控预警区阈值影响较小．当所有表面采用相同养护方式时，主要影响整体温度水平；若保持顶面养护方式不变，降低侧面放热系数会导致核心温度升高、里表温差以及上下表面温度梯度增大；若保持侧面养护方式不变，增大顶面放热系数会显著降低上下表面温度，同时增大里表温差以及上下表面温度梯度．

Abstract

In the construction of mass concrete, temperature control is a critical factor affecting its structural quality and safety. To effectively control the temperature of mass concrete during its construction process, the distribution patterns of temperature field were studied in this paper. Based on the Duhamel’s theorem and considering factors such as environmental temperature fluctuations and solar radiation, an analytical solution for the three-dimensional temperature field of mass concrete was derived, which was further validated through field experiments and numerical simulations. The influences of parameters such as the height, planar dimensions, casting temperature and curing methods on the distribution of the hydration heat temperature field along the concrete height and the range of the temperature control warning threshold were also analyzed. Results indicate that along the height of mass concrete, the temperature gradient in the central region of the hydration heat temperature field is relatively small, gradually increasing toward the edges. As the height increases, the range of the temperature control warning threshold initially expands and then stabilizes. As the planar dimensions increase, the warning threshold continuously enlarges, eventually stabilizing at approximately 0.4 times the height when the planar dimensions exceed 1.5 times the height. As the casting temperature increases, the range of the temperature control warning threshold changes little, but the internal-external temperature difference of mass concrete and the temperature gradient near the upper and lower surfaces increase. The curing methods affect the temperature field distribution by changing the concrete surface heat release coefficients, but they have little effect on the range of the temperature control warning threshold. When the same curing methods are adopted for all the surfaces, the overall temperature will be mainly affected. If the curing method for the top surface stays unchanged and the side heat release coefficient is reduced, an increase in the core temperature will occur, and both the internal-external temperature difference and the upper-lower surface temperature gradients will go up. If the curing method for the side surface stays unchanged and the top surface heat release coefficient increases, the temperature of the upper and lower surfaces will be significantly reduced, while both the internal-external temperature difference and the upper-lower surface temperature gradients will be amplified.

关键词

大体积混凝土 / 水化热 / 三维温度场 / 杜哈美尔定理 / 解析解

Key words

mass concrete / hydration heat / three-dimensional temperature field / Duhamel’s theorem / analytical solution

参考文献

[1] Korda E, De Schutter G, Aggelis D G. Acoustic signatures of hydration and microcracking in early—age concrete[J]. Developments in the Built Environment, 2024, 17: 100353.

[2] Xie Y D, Du W X, Xu Y G, et al. Temperature field evolution of mass concrete: From hydration dynamics, finite element models to real concrete structure[J]. Journal of Building Engineering, 2023, 65: 105699.

[3] 郑伟, 袁中夏, 乔宏霞, 等. 考虑水化度影响的大体积混凝土温度场分析[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(增1): 24020108.

[4] Zheng Wei, Yuan Zhongxia, Qiao Hongxia, et al. Analysis of temperature field of mass concrete considering the effect of hydration degree[J]. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(Suppl 1): 24020108(in Chinese).

[5] 张强强, 曹伟, 戴公连. 日照作用下混凝土板温度场分析[J]. 建筑结构, 2023, 53(增1): 1728-1732.

[6] Zhang Qiangqiang, Cao Wei, Dai Gonglian. Analysis of temperature field of concrete slab under solar radiation[J]. Building Structure, 2023, 53(Suppl 1): 1728-1732(in Chinese).

[7] 胡孟娣, 彭钦磊. 内嵌管式辐射地板传热简化模型研究[J]. 建筑科学, 2012, 28(6): 106-109.

[8] Hu Mengdi, Peng Qinlei. Development of simplified thermal model of pipe—embedded radiant floors[J]. Building Science, 2012, 28(6): 106-109(in Chinese).

[9] 唐松花, 崔宇鹏. 火灾高温下混凝土柱温度场的解析解[J]. 应用力学学报, 2018, 35(6): 1361-1365, 1427.

[10] Tang Songhua, Cui Yupeng. Analytical solutions of temperature field in the concrete column on fire[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2018, 35(6): 1361—1365, 1427(in Chinese).

[11] 魏德敏, 高晓楠, 张海燕. 受火钢筋混凝土柱三维温度场的数值模拟[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报, 2012, 32(增1): 55-58.

[12] Wei Demin, Gao Xiaonan, Zhang Haiyan. Numerical simulation of three—dimensional temperature field of reinforced concrete columns subjected to fire[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2012, 32(Suppl 1): 55-58(in Chinese).

[13] Huang Y H, Liu G X, Huang S P, et al. Experimental and finite element investigations on the temperature field of a massive bridge pier caused by the hydration heat of concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 192: 240-252.

[14] 汪建群, 魏桂亮, 刘杰, 等. 跨海大桥大体积混凝土承台水化热实测与分析[J]. 桥梁建设, 2020, 50(3): 25-31.

[15] Wang Jianqun, Wei Guiliang, Liu Jie, et al. Measurement and analysis of hydration heat in massive concrete pile cap of a sea—crossing bridge[J]. Bridge Construction, 2020, 50(3): 25-31(in Chinese).

[16] Zhang Y N, Wang S Q, He S J, et al. Analysis of factors influencing the temperature field variation in mass concrete during hydration heat release[J]. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 2023, 52: 103737.

[17] 钱宏亮, 覃锋, 范峰, 等. 台山核电站反应堆外壳温度场模拟分析[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2014, 35(7): 115-122.

[18] Qian Hongliang, Qin Feng, Fan Feng, et al. Analysis on temperature filed of outer containment of the Taishan Nuclear Power Plant[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2014, 35(7): 115-122(in Chinese).

[19] 朱伯芳. 大体积混凝土温度应力与温度控制[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 1998.

[20] Zhu Bofang. Thermal Stress and Temperature Control of Mass Concrete[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 1998(in Chinese).

[21] GB 50496—2018 大体积混凝土施工标准[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2018.

[22] GB 50496— 2018 Standard for Construction of Mass Concrete[S]. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2018(in Chinese).

[23] 奥齐西克 M N. 热传导[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 1983.

[24] Özisik M N. Heat Conduction[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1983(in Chinese).

[25] 刘虎虎, 田僖, 王富. 太阳辐射对混凝土结构温度应力的影响[J]. 水电能源科学, 2013, 31(5): 106-108, 51.

[26] Liu Huhu, Tian Xi, Wang Fu. Influence of solar radiation on concrete thermal stress during construction[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2013, 31(5): 106-108, 51(in Chinese).

[27] Liang Z P, Zhou H W, Zhao C J, et al. Experimental and numerical study of the influence of solar radiation on the surface temperature field of low—heat concrete in a pouring block[J]. Buildings, 2023, 13(6): 1519.

[28] 朱伯芳. 大体积混凝土施工过程中受到的日照影响[J]. 水力发电学报, 1999(3): 35-41.

[29] Zhu Bofang. Influence of solar radiation on temperature of mass concrete in the process of construction[J]. Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 1999(3): 35-41(in Chinese).

[30] GB 50010—2010 混凝土结构设计规范[S]. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2015.

[31] GB 50010—2010 Code for Design of Concrete Structures[S]. Beijing: China Architecture and Building Press, 2015(in Chinese).

[32] 翟希梅, 王恒. 160 000 m³大型LNG储罐混凝土外罐施工全过程温度作用分析 [J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2016, 48(6): 92-97.

[33] Zhai Ximei, Wang Heng. Influence factors of thermal stress in the construction period of the concrete outer tank for 160 000 m³ LNG storage [J]. Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2016, 48(6): 92-97(in Chinese).

[34] 王强, 霍延威, 夏菲, 等. 基于ABAQUS的大体积混凝土水化热温度场的数值分析[J]. 混凝土, 2015(7): 35—39, 48.

[35] Wang Qiang, Huo Yanwei, Xia Fei, et al. Mass concrete hydration heat temperature field of numerical analysis based on ABAQUS[J]. Concrete, 2015(7): 35—39, 48(in Chinese).

[36] 王新刚. 大体积混凝土温度应力实用计算方法及控裂工程实例[M]. 北京: 人民交通出版社股份有限公司, 2017.

[37] Wang Xingang. Practical Calculation Method for Mass Concrete Temperature Stress and Crack Control Engineering Examples[M]. Beijing: China Communications Press Co., Ltd., 2017(in Chinese).

[38] 李志鹏, 罗奇星, 韩庆华, 等. 大体积混凝土墙水化放热温度场分析[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2023, 56(8): 878-885.

[39] Li Zhipeng, Luo Qixing, Han Qinghua, et al. Analytical solution for the temperature field of the hydration heat in a mass concrete wall[J]. Journal of Tianjin University(Science and Technology), 2023, 56(8): 878-885(in Chinese).

[40] Sheng X W, Xiao S M, Zheng W Q, et al. Experimental and finite element investigations on hydration heat and early cracks in massive concrete piers[J]. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2023, 18: e01926.

[41] 代均德, 陈浩然, 吴潇, 等. 洛阳龙门高铁站大体积筏形基础混凝土温控措施分析与评价[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(7): 2976-2984.

[42] Dai Junde, Chen Haoran, Wu Xiao, et al. Analysis and evaluation of concrete temperature control measures for large volume raft foundation of Luoyang Longmen comprehensive transportation hub[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(7): 2976-2984(in Chinese).

[43] 安瑞楠, 林鹏, 陈道想, 等. 超大混凝土结构温度梯度监测与温度场演化[J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 63(7): 1050-1059.

[44] An Ruinan, Lin Peng, Chen Daoxiang, et al. Temperature gradient monitoring and thermal evolution of a super mass concrete structure[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2023, 63(7): 1050-1059(in Chinese).

基金资助

天津市自然科学基金资助项目(21JCZDJC00410)

天津市自然科学基金资助项目(22JCYBJC00620)